forensics chapter 15

The International Association for Identification concluded that the minimum number of friction ridge characteristics which must be present in two impressions in order to establish positive identification is...

• six

• eight

• ten

• There is no minimum number

For most fingerprint examiners, the chemical method of choice for visualizing latent prints is

• ninhydrin

• iodine

• silver nitrate

• chlorine

What was the original fingerprinting system adopted by Scotland Yard in which converted ridge patters on all ten fingers into a series of series of letters and numbers arranged in the form of a fraction?

• Bertillion system

• Fauld system

• Henry sytem

• Galton System

Attempts at changing one's fingerprints by trying to obscure them has led to...

• renewed efforts on the part of law enforcement to categorize the obliterated fingerprints

• the creation of a new class of criminal who can avoid detection through currently available fingerprinting technology

• the possibility of permanent scarring, which only provides new characteristics for identification because it is impossible to obliterate all ridge characteristics

• self-injurious behavior that only results in the growth of new ridge characteristics on the fingertips

A technique for visualizing latent fingerprints on nonporous surfaces by exposing them to cyanoacrylate vapors is

• sublimation

• iodine fuming

• fluorescing

• superglue fuming

The individuality of a fingerprint is determined by its general shape or pattern, and it has been empirically demonstrated that no two prints are alike.

• True

• False

The most common type of fingerprint pattern is the arch pattern.

• True

• False

AFIS, the automated fingerprint identification system, makes it possible to search a single latent crime-scene fingerprint against an entire file's print collection.

• True

• False

Studies have recently demonstrated tat common fingerprint developing agents interfere with DNA testing methods used for characterizing bloodstains, so DNA testing must precede fingerprint tests.

• True

• False

Digital imaging has become an effective tool for the enhancement and analysis of images because if the details do not exist on the original image enhancement procedures are available to make the details clearer.

• True

• False