Ecology

In which process is nitrogen from the air put into a form that plants can use?

• nitrification

• denitrification

• nitrogen fixation

• nitrogen saturation

Which of the following processes is part of the carbon cycle?

• Decomposers put carbon into the soil by breaking down organic material

• Factories remove carbon from the atmosphere by burning materials

• Plants put carbon back into the atmosphere through the process of respiration

• Animals remove carbon from the atmosphere through the process of respiration

Which process in the water cycle would be accelerated by an increase of temperature?

• runoff

• precipitation

• evaporation

• condensation

How would the number of frogs in a lake most likely be affected by a long period of bright sunshine, a higher-than-normal temperature, and much less rain than usual?

• There would be fewer frogs because they could not reproduce if ponds dried up

• There would be fewer frogs because their predators would leave

• There would be more frogs because they could catch more food in hot weather

• There would be more frogs because they would grow faster in bright sunshine

The cycling of matter and energy in ecosystems can be demonstrated using the flow a flow chart. Which best describes the organisms labeled "Y"?

• primary consumers

• secondary consumers

• producers

• bacteria

How does an ecosystem benefit when leaves fall from a tree and decompose on the soil?

• Nutrients are released into the soil

• soil erosion decreases

• carbon dioxide is absorbed by the soil

• soil temperature decreases

Which of these best describes biomes?

• a group of individuals of the same species that live together in the same area

• external conditions that affect an organism

• a system made up of parts that work together

• large ecosystems that have distinctive organisms and a particular climate

Which are two abiotic factors that affect the survival of the aquatic organisms?

• phytoplankton and lilies

• water quality and sunlight

• grasses and duck

• turtles and deer

Biomes include both biotic and abiotic elements. Which set includes both biotic and abiotic elements of an estuary?

• periwinkles, bats, egrets

• ospreys, oysters, black needle rush

• cordgrass, water salinity, great blue herons

• silt, air temperature, tidal patterns

Which environmental factor will cause a plant shoot to grow in a direction other than straight up?

• location of light

• temperature

• amount of top soil

• amount of water