Biology EOC Practice Test

What will most likely be the result if all of the mitochondria are removed from a plant cell?

• It will be unable to carry out respiration.

• It will lose water through osmosis.

• It will break down the ribosomes in the cell.

• It will be unable to photosynthesize.

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What process best explains how a nerve cell and a muscle cell can both develop from the same fertilized egg?

• differentiation

• natural selection

• selective breeding

• genetic engineering

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During strenuous exercise, body temperature increases. The body responds to the increase in temperature by sweating, which helps to reduce the body temperature. Which is demonstrated in this situation?

• excretion

• metabolism

• homeostasis

• synthesis

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Before mitosis begins, which happens before the nucleus starts dividing?

• The cytoplasm separates.

• The DNA replicates.

• The sister chromatids separate.

• The homologous chromosomes cross over.

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What is the function of autotrophs in the carbon cycle?

• to use oxygen to produce glucose

• to take in excess water

• to use carbon dioxide to produce glucose

• to feed on herbivores

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Two different populations of birds live in the same area and eat the same types of food. Which most likely describes the relationship between these two populations of birds?

• competition

• mutualism

• parasitism

• predator-prey

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A strand of DNA has these bases: AGC CAT GTA TAC

What is the complementary DNA strand?

• ACG GAT CTA TAG

• TCG GTA CAT ATG

• TGC CTA GAT ATC

• UCG CUA CAU AUG

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Which statement best describes the relationship that exists among proteins, DNA, and cells?

• Proteins combine to produce cells, which produce DNA.

• Proteins are made up of DNA, which determines the cells that are produced.

• DNA is made up of proteins, which tell a cell how to function.

• Cells contain DNA, which controls the production of proteins.

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Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction?

• It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have triple the chromosome number of the organism.

• It allows gametes to have twice the original number of chromosomes of the organism.

• It allows gametes to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.

• It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.

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Which process produces the most variation within a species?

• asexual reproduction

• sexual reproduction

• mitosis

• cloning

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