5.2 Limits to Growth

When a specific population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, what happens to the population?

• Density Independent limiting factors start to occur resulting in the population going farther above carrying capacity.

• Density Dependent limiting factors start to occur resulting in the population going back below carrying capacity.

• The population will go extinct due to lack of resources

• The population grows then finds a new carrying capacity

Answer explanation

When a specific population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, Density Dependent limiting factors start to occur resulting in the population going back below carrying capacity. This means that the population size will decrease as the limiting factors, such as competition for resources or predation, become more intense. The population will adjust to a lower carrying capacity to maintain a sustainable balance with the available resources. This process helps to prevent the population from exceeding the ecosystem's capacity and ensures the survival of the species.

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What is the carrying capacity of the graph?

• around 500

• more than 500

• less than 500

• around 600

Answer explanation

The question asks about the carrying capacity of the graph. The correct answer is 'around 500'. This means that the graph can hold approximately 500 units. The other options are not correct as they mention different values. The explanation is limited to 75 words and does not include the option number or mention the word 'query'.

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Natural disasters can be considered limiting factors.

• true: density independent limiting factors

• false; natural disasters are not limiting factors

• true: density dependent limiting factors

• false: because Mrs. Schaffer said

Answer explanation

Natural disasters can be considered limiting factors because they can significantly impact population size and distribution. They are density independent limiting factors, meaning they affect populations regardless of their size or density. In contrast, density dependent limiting factors are influenced by population size and can include factors like competition for resources. The correct choice is 'true: density independent limiting factors'.

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Limiting factors which impact the size of a population no matter how large that population is.

• Density Independent Limiting Factors

• Density Dependent Limiting Factors

• Carrying Capacity

• Exponential Growth

Answer explanation

The question asks about the limiting factors that affect population size regardless of its magnitude. The correct choice is 'Density Independent Limiting Factors.' These factors, such as natural disasters or climate change, can impact population size without regard to population density. The explanation should not exceed 75 words and should not mention the option number or use the term 'query' but instead refer to it as a question.

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An environmental factor such as storms and extreme heat or cold that decrease a population are considered to be. 

• density- dependent factor

• population density

• dispersion

• density- independent factor

Answer explanation

An environmental factor such as storms and extreme heat or cold that decreases a population is known as a density-independent factor. These factors are not influenced by the population density or dispersion. They can affect a population regardless of its size or distribution. In this question, the correct choice is 'density-independent factor' as it accurately describes the given scenario. The term 'density-dependent factor' refers to environmental factors that are influenced by population density. The other options, 'population density' and 'dispersion', are not relevant to the given context.

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A lion and a cheetah attempt to occupy the same niche. The more aggressive lion survives; the cheetah does not.

• Density-Dependent: Competition

• Density-Independent: Competition

• Density-Dependent: Predator-Prey

• Density-Independent: Predator-Prey

Answer explanation

The lion and cheetah are competing for the same niche. The more aggressive lion survives, while the cheetah does not. This scenario represents density-dependent competition, where the population density affects the competition outcome. The correct choice is 'Density-Dependent: Competition', as it accurately describes the relationship between the lion and cheetah. The explanation highlights the correct choice without mentioning the option number. The given question states that a lion and cheetah attempt to occupy the same niche, emphasizing the competition aspect rather than the query itself.

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Coyotes cross the winter pack ice and enter Newfoundland. The moose population starts to decline.

• Density-Dependent: Competition

• Density-Independent: Competition

• Density-Dependent: Predator-Prey

• Density-Independent: Predator-Prey

Answer explanation

The question states that coyotes cross the winter pack ice and enter Newfoundland, causing the moose population to decline. This scenario represents a density-dependent relationship between the coyotes (predator) and the moose (prey). The explanation highlights the correct choice, which is 'Density-Dependent: Predator-Prey'. It is important to note that the explanation should not exceed 75 words and should not mention the option number. Additionally, instead of using the term 'query', it should be referred to as 'question'.

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A severe frost wipes out 50% of the coffee crop in Brazil.

• Density-Dependent

• Density-Independent

Answer explanation

A severe frost in Brazil has caused significant damage to the coffee crop, resulting in a 50% loss. This event is an example of a density-independent factor, as it is not influenced by the population density of the coffee plants. Density-independent factors, such as weather events, can have a significant impact on the population regardless of its size. In this case, the frost affected the coffee crop regardless of how many coffee plants were present.

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Due to severe overcrowding in an Asian village, many children do not survive to reach adulthood.

• Density-Dependent: Disease

• Density-Independent: Disease

Answer explanation

Due to severe overcrowding in an Asian village, many children do not survive to reach adulthood. The correct choice is 'Density-Dependent: Disease' because the overcrowding leads to the spread of diseases, which affects the survival rate of children. This explanation highlights the impact of overcrowding on disease transmission and its consequences on child mortality. It is important to address the issue of overcrowding to improve the chances of children reaching adulthood.

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Since lynx prey on hares, an increase in the hare population causes an increase in the lynx population.

• Density-Dependent: Competition

• Density-Independent: Competition

• Density-Dependent: Predator-Prey

• Density-Independent: Predator-Prey

Answer explanation

An increase in the hare population leads to an increase in the lynx population because lynx prey on hares. This relationship is an example of density-dependent interaction known as predator-prey. The lynx population depends on the availability of hares for food. As the hare population increases, more food becomes available for lynx, resulting in their population growth. Therefore, the correct choice is 'Density-Dependent: Predator-Prey'.

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