Spoken Language

Facial expressions and gestures are typical in spoken language and are known as...

• synchronous speech

• paralinguistics

• graphology

• fluency

Expressions that cannot be understood unless the context of the utterance is known are referred to as...

• vague

• phatic

• deictic

• unvoiced

Words and expressions such as 'you know', 'like', 'sort of' and 'I mean', are known as...

• fillers

• filled pauses

• unvoiced pauses

• digressions

'Small talk' and other politeness strategies are usually known as...

• phatic expressions

• non-fluency features

• collocations

• slang

Two-part exchanges that follow a predictable pattern are known as...

• adjacency pairs

• overlaps

• repairs

• turn-taking

How do you distinguish between an overlap and an interruption?

• Decide whether it is cooperative or competitive

• Look at the vocabulary

• Decide if the speakers like each other

• Look at the paralinguistic features

Which of these is not one of Grice's Maxims?

• Quality

• Quantity

• Formality

• Manner

Which linguists developed Face & Politeness Theory?

• Fairclough

• Grice

• Brown & Levinson

• Giles

Our positive face needs are...

• wanting to be liked / admired

• wanting to feel free

• wanting to be attractive

• wanting to feel safe

A negative politeness strategy is...

• rudeness

• flattery

• making a suggestion rather than giving an order

• showing that you like someone