AP HuG Pre/Post Test

Which of the following is a characteristic of a country moving from stage 2 to stage 3 of the demographic transition model?

• shorter life expectancy

• increasing birth rate

• high level of female education

• declining death rate

• increasing dependence on farm labor

The Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 and the partition of India in 1947 changed borders in Africa and South Asia and are reflected in the current world map. Which of the following best describes the type of political border resulting from these events?

• relict boundaries

• antecedent boundaries

• consequent boundaries

• superimposed boundaries

• subsequent boundaries

Which of the following is the land survey system shown in the satellite image?

• multiple nuceli

• suburban subdivision

• long lots

• metes and bounds

• township and range

In reading the landscape of the image, a geographer will most likely identify the land-survey pattern shown as typical of which of the following locations?

• a rural agricultural region in the USA

• an exurb of Paris, France

• a coastal region of China

• an agricultural region of eastern Canada

• a rainforest development in southern Brazil

Technologies invented during which of the following periods explain how farmland was divided and cultivated as shown in the satellite image?

• Columbian Exchange, when the use of Old World farm animals such as cows and horses was introduced

• First Agricultural Revolution, when the animal-powered plow and domesticated plants were developed.

• Second Agricultural Revolution, when land-surveying technology and mechanical plows were developed.

• Modern era, when local farmers used computers and data analysis.

• Postindustrial era, when local farmers used GPs and GIS.

Which of the following factors best explains the development and expansion of squatter settlements?

• Gentrification of megacities in more developed countries displacing large numbers of urban dwellers.

• Rapid urbanization and inability of infrastructure to keep pace with the growth of megacities in developing countries.

• urban dwellers seeking residential housing and shopping outside the congestion of the city.

• Zoning laws in developing countries that prevent current urban dwellers from obtaining land to build residential structures.

• The growth of urban agriculture encouraging migrant farm workers to move to cities requiring more housing.

The lush golf courses in the United Arab Emirates, the dikes and polders in the Netherlands, and the Three Gorges Dam in China are significant examples of land use.

Which of the following viewpoints of human-environment interaction are best described by these land-use examples?

• environmental determinism

• ecotourism

• possibilism

• Heartland Theory

• Malthusian Theory

Which of the following processes accounts for the change in coal miners employed in the United States from 1950 to 2000?

• technological diffusion

• just-in-time production

• industrial revolution

• devolution

• deindustrialization

Compare the bar graph showing coal mine employment and the line graph showing miner production. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from trends in this data?

• coal mining has been outsourced to less-developed countries

• mechanization and computer automation in mining have increased

• legal restrictions have been imposed on the amount of coal exported overseas

• renewable resources are being used more frequently to power vehicles

• natural gas and oil production of electricity has declined

Which of the following is a pull factor affecting migration to some of the more developed countries?

• loss of factory jobs

• severe famine

• rise of an authoritarian regime

• universal health care

• religious persecution