HMH I2 Energy Transformation Heat and Temperature

Which unit of measurement is commonly used to measure thermal energy?

• joule

• newton

• degree Celsius

• degree Fahrenheit

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

During science class, Sophie measures the temperature of water every minute as it is heating. After a few minutes, the temperature increases to 82 °C. Which other property of the particles increases?

• mass

• volume

• average kinetic energy

• average potential energy

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A student is using a thermometer to study a sample of matter. Which property of matter is the student measuring?

• mass

• density

• volume

• temperature

Which of these best explains how temperature is related to heat?

• Temperature is a measure of the heat of an object.

• Heat causes a change in the temperature of an object.

• Raising the temperature causes the heat of an object to increase.

• Temperature and heat are two different ways to measure the same thing.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Laith notices that the air in his science classroom is much warmer than the air in his math classroom. Which statement describes how the air particles are different in his colder math classroom?

• They are vibrating.

• They move more freely.

• They move faster on average.

• They have less average energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Object A and object B are made of the same material. They are at the same temperature. They also contain the same amount of thermal energy. Which statement is true about objects A and B?

• Object A is larger than object B.

• Object B is larger than object A.

• Both objects are identical in size.

• There is not enough information to determine their size.

Which of these choices best describes the thermal energy of a substance?

• the sum of the kinetic energy of all of the particles of a substance

• the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up a substance

• the total kinetic and potential energies of the particles of a substance

• the difference between the kinetic energy and potential energy of a substance

A diver jumps from a high dive, does a double flip, and lands in the water. As she falls, she gains kinetic energy. This gain of energy is balanced by a loss of which form of energy?

• thermal energy

• internal energy

• potential energy

• chemical energy

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Sarah warmed two cubes of aluminum to 50 °C. Cube A has a volume of four cubic centimeters. Cube B has a volume of two cubic centimeters. If the cubes do not touch each other, which of these statements is true?

• Cube A has a higher temperature than

  cube B

• Cube B has a higher temperature than

  cube A

• Cube A has more thermal energy than

  cube B

• Cube B has more thermal energy than

  cube A

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

How does the temperature of the water in the large beaker compare or contrast with the temperature of the water in the small beaker?

• The water in the large beaker and the water in the small beaker have the same temperature because the thermometers show the same reading

• The water in the small beaker has a greater temperature than the water in the large beaker because the water in the small beaker has less mass

• The water in the large beaker has a greater temperature than the water in the small beaker because the water in the large beaker has more thermal energy.

• The water in the large beaker has a greater temperature than the water in the small beaker because the water in the large beaker does not cool as quickly when heated

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4