Chapter 20/21 Review

Why was the 1800s called the Gilded Age?

• gold prospectors now had easy access to the East on the railroad

• the gold spike connected the transcontinental railroad represented the best of the struggling time period

• just as a gold leaf can disguise an object of lesser value, so did the wealth of a few people mask society's problems

• many people joined guilds

What term is used for a person who donates large sums of money to charity?

• psychologist

• philanthropist

• psychiatrist

• podiatrist

What were the slum areas like where many immigrants lived once arriving in the U.S.?

• clean and healthy

• spacious and friendly

• overcrowded and dangerous

• rich and full of opportunities

Urbanization is the mass movement away from cities

• True

• False

monopolies hurt consumers because prices go up due to the lack of competition

• True

• False

What is the role of labor unions in the United States?

• they insure and protect employers for property damage or employee injuries

• they help businesses put competitors out of business to increase earnings

• they help shield businesses from financial bankruptcy to save the business

• they bargain for better wages, benefits, and working conditions

Which group of people would have most likely lived in tenements in large cities around the turn of the 20th century?

• members of the military

• immigrants

• business owners

• college students

The establishment of Ellis Island in 1892 enabled

• Congress to pass laws that stopped the immigration of certain races to the U.S.

• industrial factories to find immigrant workers as soon as they stepped off the boat

• the U.S. government to process the increasing number of immigrants

• the government to be more selective during the citizenship process

The United States has a melting pot culture where many cultures have blended together

• True

• False

Which of the following best explains how mechanization of farming changed the life of the American people?

• people could make more money farming than they could working in the cities

• people moved to the country to become farmers

• people farmed less because new technologies made farming so efficient

• farms became smaller