1.2.1 Cybersecurity Firewalls and Malware

The arrangement of the various elements (computers, routers, switches, etc) of a network.

• services

• LAN

• WAN

• network topology

A small local area network of computers and devices.

• LAN

• WAN

• network topology

• short message service (SMS)

Service can have two meanings in computer terminology:

a) A service can be a specific application or function such as email, chat, etc.

b) A service can refer to a specific part of an application, such as transmitting the data of a web page

• network topology

• LAN

• services

• short message service (SMS)

In cybersecurity terms, a vulnerability is a weakness in a system that allows an attacker to gain unauthorized access.

• WAN

• vulnerabilities

• worm

• backdoor

Software that is spread by people, specifically user actions, usually through emails, websites, and chats. A virus infects your computer, causing a wide variety of problems.

• backdoor

• services

• worm

• virus

Similar to a virus except that a worm does not need a human to spread, rather it can replicate on its own to infect other computers.

• virus

• worm

• backdoor

• spyware

Malicious software that bypasses the normal, secure, or restricted access.

• worm

• backdoor

• trojan horse

• spyware

Software that secretly collects information about you. It usually resides on a website or in a service such as your email program.

• spyware

• trojan horse

• worm

• virus

A malicious program disguised as legitimate software. Users intentionally install a Trojan horse, thinking they are installing valid software.

• LAN

• backdoor

• worm

• trojan horse

Advertising software that can automatically download files or link to websites. It is often unasked-for and can contain malware.

• network topology

• trojan horse

• adware

• WAN