Mitosis Terminology

In an organism that reproduces sexually, a cell containing two homologous sets of chromosomes, one set inherited from each parent; a _______ cell. (Fill in the blank)

• n

• 2n

• 3n

The two chromosomes that make up a matched pair in a diploid cell.

• Centrosome

• Chromosome

• Homologous Chromosome

• Chromatid

A structure found in animal cells from which microtubules originate and that is important during cell division.

• Chromatid

• Chromosome

• Centromere

• Centrosome

The region of a duplicated chromosome where two sister chromatids are joined (often appearing as a narrow “waist”) and where spindle microtubules attach during mitosis and meiosis.

• Chromatid

• Chromosome

• Centromere

• Centrosome

A chromosome not directly involved in determining the sex of an organism; in mammals, for example, any chromosome other than X or Y.

• Autosome

• Gonosome

The division of a single nucleus into two genetically identical nuclei.

• Mitosis

• Meisosis

In a sexually reproducing organism, the division of a single diploid nucleus into four haploid daughter nuclei.

• Mitosis

• Meisosis

The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up eukaryotic chromosomes; often used to refer to the diffuse, very extended form taken by chromosomes when a cell is not dividing.

• Chromatid

• Chromatin

• Chromosome

• Centrosome

A small protein molecule associated with DNA and important in DNA packing in the eukaryotic chromosome. Eukaryotic chromatin consists of roughly equal parts of DNA and that protein.

• Histone

• Nucleosome

• Chromatin

• Chromatid

The bead-like unit of DNA packing in a eukaryotic cell; consists of DNA wound around a protein core made up of eight(8) histone molecules.

• Histone

• Nucleosome

• Chromatin

• Chromatid