Gene Regulation Review

Most gene regulation happens at which step along the way?

• translation
• transcription
• signal transduction
• DNA replication

Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?

• They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
• They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
• They often delete things that organisms need.
• Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

Identify the SUBSTITUTION mutation from the following DNA sequence: 
ATG CCA AAT

• ATG TCA AAT
• ATG CCT AAA T
• ATC CA  AT
• ATG CCA AAT

What is the name given to part of a DNA molecule that codes for a protein?

• Glucose
• Chromosome
• Gene
• Phosphate

How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform completely different?

• The two different cells become mutated
• The proteins expressed in each cell are different
• They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.
• The genome of the different cells changes

What is synthesized to pass the DNA code to the ribosome?

• polymerase

• messenger RNA

• ligase

• ribosome

A process called ____ uses the code carried by messenger RNA for protein synthesis.

• translation

• transcription

• unwinding

• elongation

How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:

ATG GGA ACT CCA

• 4

• 2

• 6

• 12

Traits can be inherited or influenced by ______ factors, like the pH of the soil in Hydrangeas.

• environmental

• mutation

• variation

• genetic

What causes mutations?

• Mutagens in the environment

• UV rays from the sun

• Gamma rays and X-rays

• All of the above.