Cellular Structure and Function

Which statement BEST compares the role of organelles in making proteins?

• Rough ER transport proteins, while cell membrane modifies proteins

• Vesicles modify proteins, while Golgi bodies manufactures

• Ribosomes produce proteins, while the nucleus contain protein blueprints

• Chromosomes modify proteins, while the nuclear membrane produce

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which statement BEST justifies the comparison of a cell’s nucleus to a person’s brain

• Both are encased in a hard, protective coating

• Both are involved in producing energy-containing molecules

• Both store information and control activities

• Both are directly involved in transporting wastes so they do not build up

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Human heart cells require a constant release of energy to function continuously. Which structure would be numerous in such cells to meet his demand?

• Golgi Body

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

If the cell membrane could not function properly, what would be the most immediate impact on the cell’s ability to maintain homeostasis?

• Most mitochondria will stop functioning

• The substance in the cytoplasm would change

• Transport along the endoplasmic reticulum would slow down

• The instructions for making proteins would be modified

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

At the cellular level, lipids are the primary component of the cell membrane. Which statement would BEST support the argument that the structure of a lipid is related to this function?

• Lipids are insoluble

• Lipids contain many hydrogen bonds

• Lipids are constructed to store genetic information

• Lipids are composed of amino acids

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which statement describe ALL prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Ribosomes are present in the cytoplasm

• Chloroplasts are used for photosynthesis

• Materials are stored in the vacuoles

• Cell walls provide shape and support

Which explanation BEST describes how a change to cellular structures causes the change seen in the plant as a whole?

• The mitochondria have not produced enough energy to keep the cells rigid

• The chloroplasts have not captured enough light energy to fill the

• The nuclei have stopped controlling the cells’ activity, leading to a change in the cells structure

• The amount of water in the vacuoles has decreased, so they are not supporting

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

A large group of human disorders are called mitochondrial diseases. Although there are variations among these diseases, they all involve reduced function of mitochondria. Based on this information, what is the BEST explanation of how these affect the cell’s ability to maintain homeostasis?

• Wastes build up in cells

• Not enough energy is produced to power cell functions

• DNA does not effectively store information

• Energy cannot be stored in glucose molecules

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

A student developed an explanation of how organelles interact to make the proteins needed to maintain homeostasis in a cell. In her explanation, she included descriptions of the organelles directly related to the process. Which organelles is MOST LIKELY included in her explanation?

• Lysosomes

• Ribosomes

• Mitochondira

• Chloroplast

Which organelle help the cell maintain homeostasis by releasing energy from stored food molecules to power cellular functions?

• A & B

• C only

• D only

• B and C

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-7