Logical Fallacies

Person 1: Bicycle infrastructure should be expanded because cycling is a sustainable mode of transportation. 
Person 2: We should not build bike lanes because cyclists run red lights and endanger pedestrians.

• Circular Reasoning
• Either/Or
• Hasty Generalization
• Straw Man

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CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

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“How can you argue your case for vegetarianism when you are enjoying your steak?”

• Appeal to False Authorirty
• Bandwagon Appeal
• Faulty Analogy
• Ad Hominem

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I saw Ashton Kutcher in a prescription drug commercial, therefore it has to be an effective drug. 

• Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc 
• Hasty Generalization
• Either/Or
• Appeal to False Authority

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CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

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 Teacher: If I let you go to the bathroom pretty soon everybody will want to go to the bathroom. This is an example of 

• Argument from Authority
• The Bandwagon Fallacy
• An Ad Hominem attack
• The Slippery Slope Fallacy

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CCSS.RI.8.1

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CCSS.RL.11-12.1

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Why is this a logical fallacy? "All elephants are big. Some boys are big. Therefore some boys are elephants."

• It says A is true and B is true so A+B must be true.
• It oversimplifies.
• It only gives two choices to a larger problem.
• It says the two things always happen together.

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CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

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CCSS.RL.9-10.1

Why is this a logical fallacy? "If a black cat crosses your path you will have bad luck." 

• It appeals to authority.
• It attacks the person.
• It oversimplifies
• It is a superstition. 

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CCSS.RI.8.1

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CCSS.RL.11-12.1

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• Only gives two choices when there are many.
• Says someone's an expert.
• Attacks the person not the argument.
• Says one thing happens because of another thing.

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CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

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CCSS.RL.9-10.1

Allowing overnight guests in the dorm rooms will lead to nothing but trouble: promiscuity, teen pregnancy, and eventually, a bunch of unwed mothers on campus, trying to complete their degrees while raising a child.

• Slippery Slope

• Bandwagon

• Either/or

• Red Herring

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CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

Jamila is running for class president. In her campaign speech she says, "Xavier does not deserve to win. He is a smoker and He cheated on his reading quizzes last year." What fallacy has Jamila committed?

• Red Herring

• Straw Man

• Ad Hominem

• Circular Argument

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Becky: I think capital punishment is a necessary component of our justice system and should remain legal.

Alex: So you are saying that murder should be legal and it is okay for us to go around killing people just because we think they deserve it? That isn't right.

Of what fallacy is Alex guilty?

• Straw Man

• Ad hominem

• Slippery slope

• Sentimental Appeal