Unit 1 Biology Scientific Method/Microscope

When heating a solution in a test tube, a student should

• point the test tube in any direction

• hold the test tube with two fingers

• cork the test tube

• wear goggles

A student designed an experiment to determine if air temperature had an effect on the rate of photosynthesis in corn plants.

The independent variable in this experiment is the

• air temperature at which the corn plants were grown

• amount of carbon dioxide used by the corn plants

• volume of oxygen produced by the corn plants

• number of corn plants used

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

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In order to be accepted, a scientific theory must be

• widely tested and supported by extensive data

• based on the results of a single experiment

• controversial and cause debate

• in line with all previous historical ideas

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

A mineral supplement designed to prevent the flu was given to two groups of people during a scientific study. Dosages of the supplement were measured in milligrams per day, as shown in the table below.After 10 weeks, neither group reported a case of the flu.

Which procedure would have made the outcome of this study more valid?

• test only one group with 200mg of the supplement

• test the supplement on both groups for 5 weeks instead of 10 weeks

• test a third group that receives 150mg of the supplement

• test a third group that does not receive the supplement

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NGSS.MS-ETS1-4

Which statement best describes a scientific theory?

• It is a collection of data designed to provide support for a prediction

• It is an educated guess that can be tested by experimentation

• It is a scientific fact that no longer requires any evidence to support it.

• It is a general statement that is supported by many scientific observations

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In an appropriately designed experiment, a scientist is able to test the effect of

• a single variable

• multiple variables

• the hypothesis

• scientific observations

Which statement describes the best procedure to determine if a vaccine for a disease in a certain bird species is effective?

• Vaccinate 100 birds and expose all 100 to the disease.

• Vaccinate 100 birds and expose only 50 of them to the disease

• Vaccinate 50 birds, do not vaccinate 50 other birds, and expose all 100 to the disease

• Vaccinate 50 birds, do not vaccinate 50 other birds, and expose only the vaccinated birds to the disease.

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NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

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A new drug for the treatment of asthma is tested on 100 people. The people are evenly divided into two groups. One group is given the drug, and the other group is given a glucose pill. The group that is given the glucose pill serves as the

• experimental group

• limiting factor

• control

• indicator

In a scientific investigation, after the question is defined, the next step is most likely

• formulating a hypothesis

• identifying needed equipment

• designing the experiment

• collecting the data

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

A clear plastic ruler is placed across the middle of the field of view of a compound light microscope. A row of cells can be seen under low-power magnification (100×).

What is the average length of a single cell in micrometers (µm)?

• 10µm

• 100µm

• 200µm

• 2000µm

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1