Earth Science Rocks

All of the energy that drives Earth’s rock cycle comes from ____.

• the wind

• Earth’s interior and the sun

• the breakdown of organic matter

• the movement of water over Earth’s surface

What type of rocks are formed by processes powered by the sun?

• metamorphic rocks

• sedimentary rocks

• igneous rocks

• No rocks are formed by energy from the sun.

Where is the energy source found that drives the processes that form igneous and metamorphic rocks?

• the sun

• the wind

• Earth’s interior

• moving water

A rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth’s surface is called an ____.

• intrusive metamorphic rock

• intrusive igneous rock

• extrusive sedimentary rock

• extrusive igneous rock

A rock that forms from cooling lava is classified as an ____.

• intrusive igneous rock

• extrusive metamorphic rock

• extrusive igneous rock

• intrusive volcanic rock

When large masses of magma solidify far below Earth’s surface, they form igneous rocks that have a ____.

• glassy texture

• clastic texture

• fine-grained texture

• coarse-grained texture

The igneous rock texture that is characterized by two distinctly different crystal sizes is called ____.

• coarse-grained texture

• fine-grained texture

• glassy texture

• porphyritic texture

Lava that cools so quickly that ions do not have time to arrange themselves into crystals will form igneous rocks with a ____.

• porphyritic texture

• glassy texture

• coarse-grained texture

• fine-grained texture

As the rate of cooling of igneous rocks increases, the size of the crystals that form ____.

• decreases

• increases

• is not affected

• is not affected

What is a naturally occurring, solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter?

• a rock

• a mineral

• lava

• a fossil