Participatory democracy is best defined as which of the following?

Direct individual participation by citizens in political decisions that affect their daily lives.

Limited political participation by a small group of people that make and influence political decisions.

Individual citizens electing representatives who would then articulate and fight for their interests.

Nongovernmental interest groups influence political decisions through lobbying and donations.

The Federalist Papers were

Essays in support of ratification of the Constitution.

The original name of the Constitution written by the Constitutional Convention.

Essays written that were critical of the Constitution.

The notes that George Washington took at the Constitutional Convention.

Newspapers which backed the Federalist Party in early U.S. elections.

How did the Anti-Federalists differ from the Federalists?

The Anti-Federalists believed that a strong central government would be too distant from the people.

The Anti-Federalists had a more positive view of human nature.

The Anti-Federalists were opposed to representative democracy.

The Anti-Federalists wanted a stronger central government.

Madison believed that in order to prevent a “tyranny of the majority,” the new government should include all of the following EXCEPT:

Limiting the president’s term of office.

Creating political institutions that could function with the consent of the majority.

Limiting the ability of the electorate to vote directly for government officials except members of the house.

Creating different branches of government with distinctive and separate powers.

“I go further, and affirm that bills of rights, in the sense and in the extent in which they are contended for, are not only unnecessary in the proposed constitution, but would even be dangerous. They would contain various exceptions to powers which are not granted; and on this very account, would afford a colourable pretext to claim more than were granted. For why declare that things shall not be done which there is no power to do? Why for instance, should it be said, that the liberty of the press shall not be restrained, when no power is given by which restrictions may be imposed? I will not contend that such a provision would confer a regulating power; but it is evident that it would furnish, to men disposed to usurp, a plausible pretence for claiming that power.” —Alexander Hamilton, The Federalist Papers Which of the following statements best summarizes Hamilton’s argument?

Listing rights will lead some to assume that government may regulate those rights.

Even though civil liberties are protected by a bill of rights, there are some reasonable exceptions.

Freedom of the press is essential for a functioning democracy.

A bill of rights is necessary to protect civil liberties such as freedom of the press.

“I go further, and affirm that bills of rights, in the sense and in the extent in which they are contended for, are not only unnecessary in the proposed constitution, but would even be dangerous. They would contain various exceptions to powers which are not granted; and on this very account, would afford a colourable pretext to claim more than were granted. For why declare that things shall not be done which there is no power to do? Why for instance, should it be said, that the liberty of the press shall not be restrained, when no power is given by which restrictions may be imposed? I will not contend that such a provision would confer a regulating power; but it is evident that it would furnish, to men disposed to usurp, a plausible pretence for claiming that power.” —Alexander Hamilton, The Federalist Papers Which of the following constitutional provisions limits the power of the national government in Hamilton’s argument?

Faithful execution of the laws in Article II

“I go further, and affirm that bills of rights, in the sense and in the extent in which they are contended for, are not only unnecessary in the proposed constitution, but would even be dangerous. They would contain various exceptions to powers which are not granted; and on this very account, would afford a colourable pretext to claim more than were granted. For why declare that things shall not be done which there is no power to do? Why for instance, should it be said, that the liberty of the press shall not be restrained, when no power is given by which restrictions may be imposed? I will not contend that such a provision would confer a regulating power; but it is evident that it would furnish, to men disposed to usurp, a plausible pretence for claiming that power.” —Alexander Hamilton, The Federalist Papers Based on the text, which of the following statements would the author most likely agree with?

The Bill of Rights could potentially be used to limit civil liberties.

The United States Constitution explicitly prohibits the government from restricting the press.

The amendment process would create confusion about the meaning of the United States Constitution.

The media ought to be held accountable for publishing untrue information about public figures.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of Federalist and Anti-Federalist views on government?

Federalists believed a large republic ensured the best protection of individual freedoms. Anti-Federalists believed only a small republic could best ensure protection of individual freedoms.

Federalists favored a weak central government and strong state government. Anti-Federalists favored a strong central government and weak state government.

Federalists believed the creation of a bill of rights was necessary. Anti-Federalists believed the creation of a bill of rights was not necessary.

Federalists favored the legislative branch having more power than the executive. Anti-Federalists favored increasing the power of the national judiciary over the states.

An uprising by farmers to prevent judges from foreclosing on farms.

An uprising by Revolutionary War veterans demanding pensions.

An uprising by small merchants demanding credit.

The most decisive battle of the Revolution, after which British troops were never again able to mount a major offensive against American troops.

Opposition to ratification of the Constitution was based on the belief that it would

Provide for elite control, endanger liberty, and weaken the states.

Produce more democratic elements than desirable for a strong central government.

Promote pluralism, which would threaten liberty.

According to the Constitution, each state was entitled to how many senators?

It depends on the state's population

The Connecticut Compromise at the Constitutional Convention:

Resolved the stalemate between those who favored the New Jersey Plan and those who preferred the Virginia Plan.

Added the Bill of Rights to the Constitution in order to lessen concern about too much power for the new government.

Settled the dispute over whether slavery should be allowed in the final constitution.

Threw out the idea of having a monarchy in the United States, opting instead for an indirectly elected president.

In determining congressional representation and taxation, the constitution

Counted slaves as ⅗ of a person.

Counted slaves as ½ of a person.

Was silent on the issue of how slaves would be counted, instead leaving the issue for each state to decide.

The legislative process at the national level of government reflects the intent of the framers of the Constitution to create a legislature that would be

Slow and deliberate in the law-making process

Less powerful than the executive

Able to involve as many citizens as possible in the law-making process

Able to ensure that all citizens are equally represented

“It is equally evident, that the members of each department should be as little dependent as possible on those of the others, for the emoluments annexed to their offices. Were the executive magistrate, or the judges, not independent of the legislature in this particular, their independence in every other would be merely nominal. But the great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department, consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others. The provision for defense must in this, as in all other cases, be made commensurate to the danger of attack. Ambition must be made to counteract ambition. The interest of the man must be connected with the constitutional rights of the place. It may be a reflection on human nature, that such devices should be necessary to control the abuses of government. But what is government itself, but the greatest of all reflections on human nature? If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary.” -James Madison, Federalist No. 51 Which of the following best represents the point of view in Federalist No. 51?

Dividing power helps to check the power of government.

Each branch of government should be dependent on each other.

Those in power get the right to govern from a higher authority.

The best security against the concentration of power would be a Bill of Rights.

“It is equally evident, that the members of each department should be as little dependent as possible on those of the others, for the emoluments annexed to their offices. Were the executive magistrate, or the judges, not independent of the legislature in this particular, their independence in every other would be merely nominal. But the great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department, consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others. The provision for defense must in this, as in all other cases, be made commensurate to the danger of attack. Ambition must be made to counteract ambition. The interest of the man must be connected with the constitutional rights of the place. It may be a reflection on human nature, that such devices should be necessary to control the abuses of government. But what is government itself, but the greatest of all reflections on human nature? If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary.” -James Madison, Federalist No. 51 Why did Madison claim that “if men were angels, no government would be necessary?”

Madison believed it was the nature of those who governed to need a check on their power.

Madison believed the goodness of people would ensure that government would make good policies.

Madison believed there was no need for free elections.

Madison believed religion would guide the wisdom of those who governed.

“It is equally evident, that the members of each department should be as little dependent as possible on those of the others, for the emoluments annexed to their offices. Were the executive magistrate, or the judges, not independent of the legislature in this particular, their independence in every other would be merely nominal. But the great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department, consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others. The provision for defense must in this, as in all other cases, be made commensurate to the danger of attack. Ambition must be made to counteract ambition. The interest of the man must be connected with the constitutional rights of the place. It may be a reflection on human nature, that such devices should be necessary to control the abuses of government. But what is government itself, but the greatest of all reflections on human nature? If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary.” -James Madison, Federalist No. 51 What could have happened if the ideas expressed in Federalist No. 51 were ignored?

The legislature, executive branch, and judiciary would have been independent from each other.

Majorities would not have threatened the rights of minorities.

There would not have been three branches of government.

Minorities would have threatened the rights of the majority.

Appointments to the federal judiciary are often contentious for which of the following?

Life terms for federal judges mean that presidential appointments will continue to have influence long after the president’s term is over.

The House of Representatives can undermine presidential authority by overriding judicial appointments.

The president selects nominees based on political orientation, while the Senate focuses on the academic credentials of nominees.

Federal judges are given a platform to legislate from the bench, and the Senate is hesitant about relinquishing power to the judiciary.

Which of the following is the only stated constitutional responsibility of the vice president?

Attending funerals of foreign dignitaries

Filling in for the president when he is out of the country

Presiding over the House of Representatives

The power to directly regulate drinking ages, marriage and divorce, and sexual behavior and the like has been granted to whom?

Both the state and national government

All of the following are characteristics of marble cake federalism EXCEPT:

The national government exercises its power independently from state governments.

There are mingled responsibilities and blurred distinctions between the levels of government.

The federal government government becomes more intrusive in state affairs.

There is a greater sharing of responsibilities between the federal and state governments.

There is greater cooperation between the federal and state governments.

States and the national government each remain supreme within their own spheres

The state governments assume greater fiscal responsibility

The federal government assumes greater fiscal responsibility

Powers are shared between states and the federal government

The constitutional basis of dual federalism can be found in

The "necessary and proper" clause

A system of shared power by the state and national governments

Sole government authority in the national government

Sole government authority in the states

The supremacy clause of the Constitution states that all of the following are the “supreme law of the land” EXCEPT:

Laws of the national government (when consistent with the Constitution)

Treaties of the national government (when consistent with the Constitution)

Which of the following federal policies exemplifies the implied powers of Congress?

The provision of any arm and a navy

The regulation of interstate commerce

In United States v. Lopez, the Supreme Court ruled that:

The Gun Free School Zones Act exceeded Congress's authority to regulate commerce among the states

The Gun Free School Zones Act was constitutional

Illegal immigrants cannot be denied access to basic social services

The Gun Free School Zones Act violated citizens' rights to bear arms

All of the following are considered enumerated powers of the Congress EXCEPT:

Establishing uniform immigration laws

Coining united states currency after the Constitution was ratified

Regulating commerce among the several states

Setting up the first national bank of the United States

The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 and Every Student Succeeds Act of 2015 established educational standards that states must follow if they want federal funding for local educational programs. Many local school boards objected to these laws. Which of the following constitutional provisions did local school officials believe the federal government violated and overstepped its authority?

The Tenth Amendment’s Reserved Power clause.

The Privilege and Immunity clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

The Full Faith and Credit clause in Article IV.

The Supremacy Clause in Article VI.

The original intent and wording of the tenth amendment is that:

States have certain powers that the national government cannot encroach upon

National laws override state laws when there is a conflict between the two

Both the states and national government are bound by the limitations in the Bill of Rights

The national government can take control of a state government during a national emergency

Which of these was NOT a principle established in the case of McCulloch V. Maryland?

State governments are forbidden from spending more money than they raise each year, which there is no such requirement on the national government

A national government is supreme to the states when it is acting within its spheres of action

State laws preempt national laws when the national government clearly exceeds its constitutional powers and intrudes upon state powers

The national government has certain implied powers that go beyond its enumerated powers

Based on previous court rulings, which of the following scenarios would most likely violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?

A public school system that uses race-based segregation.

A police officer inspects the contents of a computer hard drive without a warrant.

A mayor refuses to allow an unpopular group to hold a political rally.

The federal government passes a law prohibiting assault rifles.

Unit 1 Test Review - AP Gov.

Authored by Angela Mayo

History

11th Grade

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55 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

John Locke believed in all of the following EXCEPT

Right of people to abolish government

Natural rights: life, liberty and pursuit of happiness

Divine rights of kings

Consent of the governed

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The Declaration of Independence argued that:

People should revolt when they suffer deep injustices.

Nations are indivisible and a people must never secede from their mother nation.

People should always work peacefully within the system to redress any grievances they have.

Revolution is justifiable whenever people become angry with their government.

The British Parliament was to blame for the evils imposed upon the colonists.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Who issued the Declaration of Independence?

President George Washington

The Constitutional Convention of 1776

The 13 Colonial Legislature

General George Washington

The Continental Congress

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

After Congress proposes a bill to allow businesses to purchase land that was once a national park, several people form an environmental interest group. They reach out to several senators to get their support to block the bill. This is an example of which of the following models of democracy?

Participatory democracy

Direct democracy

Pluralist democracy

Elite democracy

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

At the center of all theories of elite domination of politics is

Big business

The President

Congress

The Trilateral Commission

The nouveau riche

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

An informal group advocating for a $15 minimum wage collects 590,000 signatures from registered voters in their state. In the next election, this initiative appears on the ballot for voters to decide whether it becomes a state constitutional amendment.

Participatory democracy

Elite democracy

Representative democracy

Pluralist democracy

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

“The influence of factious leaders may kindle a flame within their particular states, but will be unable to spread a general conflagration through the other states: a religious sect may degenerate into a political faction in a part of the confederacy; but the variety of sects dispersed over the entire face of it, must secure the national councils against any danger from that source: a rage for paper money, for an abolition of debts, for an equal division of property, or for any other improper or wicked project, will be less apt to pervade the whole body of the union.”
-Publius (James Madison), Federalist No. 10, 1787

Which of the following models of representative democracy is most consistent with the passage?

Participatory democracy

Elite democracy

Representative democracy

Pluralist democracy

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Unit 1 Test Review - AP Gov.

John Locke believed in all of the following EXCEPT

The Declaration of Independence argued that:

Who issued the Declaration of Independence?

After Congress proposes a bill to allow businesses to purchase land that was once a national park, several people form an environmental interest group. They reach out to several senators to get their support to block the bill. This is an example of which of the following models of democracy?

At the center of all theories of elite domination of politics is

An informal group advocating for a $15 minimum wage collects 590,000 signatures from registered voters in their state. In the next election, this initiative appears on the ballot for voters to decide whether it becomes a state constitutional amendment.

Participatory democracy is best defined as which of the following?

In June 2017, voters in Puerto Rico voted on a referendum to make Puerto Rico the 51st state of the United States. This is an example of which of the following models of democracy?

The Federalist Papers were

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