Ch. 7 Atomic Structure and Periodicity

The higher the ionization energy...

• the more attracted the valence electron is to the nucleus
• the less attracted the valence electron is to the nucleus
• the more attracted the valence electron is to another electron
• the less attracted the valence electron is to another electron

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Which is larger... P or P^3- ?

• P^3- because it gains an energy level
• P^3- due to extra electron repulsion
• P because it loses an energy level
• P because of extra electron repulsion

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Which is smaller... Mg or Mg²⁺ ?

• Mg because it gains an energy level
• Mg due to extra electron repulsion
• Mg²⁺ because of extra electron repulsion
• Mg²⁺ because it loses an energy level

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Why does ionization energy decrease going down a group?

• Adding more energy levels makes the ve- further from the nucleus
• There are more valence electrons in the outer shell
• There are more protons  in the nucleus
• There are less protons in the nucleus

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List the following from largest to smallest atomic radius.
P, Cs, Co, Sr

• P, Co, Sr, Cs
• P, Cs, Co, Sr
• Cs, Sr, Co, P
• Sr, Cs, Co, P

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Which of the following properties are inversely proportional to one another, i.e., which choice represents a pair where as one value increases, the other value decreases? (Assume other variables to be constant).

• Sheilding and number of occupied electron shells

• Effective nuclear charge and number of protons

• First ionization energy and number of occupied shells Atomic number and number of protons

• Atomic number and number of protons

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For which of the following elements would the most common ion be expected to have a larger radius than that of its corresponding atom?

• Cl

• Na

• Cu

• Sr

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Which of the following is the most likely value for X (the ionic radius of Be²⁺) in the table?

• 60 pm

• 89 pm

• 105 pm

• 110 pm

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Which statement best explains the general trend in atomic radii that is observed when crossing a period from left to right?

• Electrons enter the same quantum shell, experience no extra shielding, and the number of protons increase

• Electrons enter the same quantum shell, experience extra shielding, and the number of protons increase

• Electrons enter a different quantum shell, experience no extra shielding, and the number of protons increase

• Electrons enter the same quantum shell, experience extra shielding, and the number of protons decrease

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Order the following species from smallest to largest radius. Li⁺, Be²⁺, Cs⁺, K⁺

• Li⁺ < Be²⁺ < K⁺ < Cs⁺

• Be²⁺ < Li⁺ < K⁺ < Cs⁺

• K⁺ < Li⁺ < Be²⁺ < Cs⁺

• Cs⁺ < K⁺ < Li⁺ < Be²⁺