N2MM3 - Diabetes from Evolve Resources for Medical-Surgical Nursing in Canada, 4th Edition

The nurse is caring for a client admitted with type 2 diabetes who asks the nurse what “type 2” means. Which of the following statements is the best response by the nurse?

• “With type 2 diabetes, the body of the pancreas becomes inflamed.”

• “With type 2 diabetes, insulin secretion is decreased and insulin resistance is increased.”

• “With type 2 diabetes, the client is totally dependent on an outside source of insulin.”

• “With type 2 diabetes, the body produces autoantibodies that destroy B-cells in the pancreas.”

The nurse is caring for a 54–year–old client who is hospitalized with diabetes mellitus. Which laboratory test results would provide info related to the client’s past glucose control?

• Prealbumin level

• Urine ketone level

• Fasting glucose level

• Glycosylated hemoglobin level

The nurse is beginning to teach a diabetic client about vascular complications of diabetes. What information would be appropriate to include in the teaching plan?

• Macroangiopathy does not occur in type 1 diabetes but rather in type 2 diabetics who have severe disease.

• Microangiopathy is specific to diabetes and most commonly affects the capillary membranes of the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and skin

• Renal damage resulting from changes in large- and medium-sized blood vessels can be prevented by careful glucose control.

• Macroangiopathy causes slowed gastric emptying and the sexual impotency experienced by a majority of clients with diabetes

The nurse is evaluating a client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following symptoms reported by the client is considered one of the classic clinical manifestations of diabetes?

• Excessive thirst

• Gradual weight gain

• Overwhelming fatigue

• Recurrent blurred vision

The nurse is caring for a client with diabetes mellitus who has a glucose level of 21.1 mmol/L and a moderate level of ketones in the urine. As the nurse assesses for signs of ketoacidosis, which of the following respiratory patterns would the nurse expect to find?

• Central apnea

• Hypoventilation

• Kussmaul’s respirations

• Cheyne-Stokes respirations

The nurse has taught a client admitted with diabetes, cellulitis, and osteomyelitis about the principles of foot care. The nurse evaluates that the client understands the principles of foot care if the client makes which of the following statements?

• “I should walk barefoot only in nice dry weather.”

• “I should look at the condition of my feet every day.”

• “I am lucky my shoes fit so nice and tight because they give me firm support.”

• “When I am allowed up out of bed, I should check the shower water with my toes.”

The nurse is caring for a client who received regular insulin 10 units subcutaneously at 2030 hours for a blood glucose level of 14.0 mmol/L. The nurse plans to monitor this client for signs of hypoglycemia at which of the following peak action times?

• 2100–2230 hours

• 2230–2330 hours

• 0030–0130 hours

• 0230–0430 hours