Psychology Chapter 4- States of consciousness- review

Which term describes the tendency to maintain a balance, or optimal level, within a biological system?

• homeostasis

• insomnia

• melatonin

• rhythm

The ________ rhythm is the biological rhythm that occurs over approximately 24 hours.

• pineal

• meta

• circadian

• homeostatic

The sleep debt is the result of ________.

• high levels of sensory awareness, thought, and behavior

• insufficient sleep on a chronic basis

• the circadian rhythm

• travel from one time zone to another

In what stage of sleep do sleep spindles appear?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

In a ________ dream, people become aware that they are dreaming and can control the dream’s content.

• K-complex

• lucid

• theta wave

• REM

The hidden meaning of a dream is called the ________ content.

• alpha

• Freudian

• latent

• manifest

Obstructive sleep apnea occurs when ________.

• A disruption in signals that regulate breathing, which are sent from the brain, cause periods of interrupted breathing.

• An individual dreams she cannot breathe and wakes up in a panic.

• An individual’s airway becomes blocked during sleep.

• Signals sent from the brain that regulate breathing are blocked in the hypothalamus.

Feeling pain, hunger, thirst, sleepiness, and being aware of our thoughts and emotions are all examples of ________ stimuli.

• external

• hypnotic

• internal

• psychoactive

Mohammed is sleeping. His eyelids are quivering because his eyes are darting around. Mohammed is probably experiencing ________ sleep.

• night terrors

• Non-REM

• NREM

• REM

Physical dependence on a drug is indicated by the user experiencing ________ as a result of discontinuing use of the drug.

• a return to normal performance levels

• changes in normal bodily function

• psychological distress

• psychological stress