Ch. 10 - Social & Emotional Development in Middle Childhood

According to Erikson, the danger in middle childhood is __________, reflected in the pessimism of children who lack confidence in their ability to do things well.

• inferiority

• mistrust

• shame

• despair

Children who develop __________ attribute their failures, not their successes, to ability.

• learned helplessness

• mastery-oriented attributions

• a realistically oriented view of ability

• an ideal self

Research on peer groups during middle childhood shows that __________.

• children who belong to a peer group rarely use relationally aggressive tactics to oust no longer “respected” children

• within peer groups, children learn cooperation, leadership, followership, and loyalty to collective goals

• most school-age children believe it is okay for a group to exclude a peer on the basis of unconventional appearance

• formal peer groups, such as 4-H or religious youth groups, rarely satisfy children’s desire for group membership

As Grant approaches adolescence, his parents gradually give him more control. They exercise general oversight while letting Grant take charge of moment-by-moment decision making. Grant’s parents are using __________.

• co-regulation

• transitive inference

• authoritarian parenting

• permissive parenting

__________ work schedules are associated with good child adjustment.

• Flexible

• Full-time

• Weekend

• Night-time