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Which is NOT a type of interspecific interaction?

• Symbiosis
• Predation
• Competition
• Speciation
• Mutualism

A biologist who studies interactions at the community level investigates interactions between

• organisms of one species.
• populations of more than one species.
• animals of one species.
• social animals.
• ecosystems.

The principle that two species competing for the same limiting resource cannot occupy the same realized niche is called

• coevolution.
• mutualism.
• primary succession.
• competitive exclusion.
• commensalism.

Which describes resource partitioning?

• The struggle of individuals to obtain a shared limiting resource
• The principle that two species competing for the same limited resource cannot coexist
• The phenomenon of two species dividing a resource based on their behavior or morphology
• A rapid decline in one species because another has out-competed it for resources
• A relationship in which two species benefit each other and do not compete for resources

When interspecific competition occurs between two species with the same realized niche

• the two species will engage in commensalism.
• one species will perform better and drive the other to extinction.
• the two species will form a symbiotic relationship.
• neither species will be harmed or helped by the interaction
• the two species will engage inresource partitioning.

Two species of buttercup can be found in the same field in South Dakota. One species flowers in early spring, and the other species flowers in late summer. Both are pollinated by the same insect species. The different flowering times are an example of

• competitive exclusion.
• mutualism.
• symbiosis.
• resource partitioning.
• parasitism.

On the slopes of the Appalachian Mountains, ecologists have studied some closely related salamander species for decades. When these salamander species live in separate valleys they tend to have very similar food size choices. When these species co-exist in a mountain valley, their food choices tend to differ, with some species selecting small insects and others selecting larger insects. This may be an example of

• competitive exclusion.
• resource partitioning.
• habitat fragmentation.
• mutualism.
• commensalism.

In his 1961 paper, “The Paradox of the Plankton,” ecologist G.E. Hutchinson noted that several species of algae coexist, sharing the same few mineral nutrient resources in homogeneous open water systems. As there is little chance of resource partitioning and niche differentiation in such a situation, the paradox of their coexistence is an apparent violation of

• Darwin's theory of evolution by means of natural selection.
• the climax theory of succession.
• the competitive exclusion principle.
• intrinsic growth.
• exponential growth.

In the past century, overgrazing by cattle and sheep has caused sagebrush to expand its range over the Colorado Plateau grasslands. This phenomenon indicates that

• sagebrush is a keystone species.
• sagebrush and grasses engage in resource partitioning.
• sagebrush and grasses display population oscillations.
• the range of sagebrush is normally limited by competition with grasses.
• the relationship between sagebrush and grasses is mutualistic.

When an insect eats the lettuce seedlings in your yard, it is engaging in

• parasitism.
• ecosystem engineering.
• mutualism.
• commensalism.
• herbivory.