Methodology

A researcher orders every member of the population, randomly determines a starting point, and then surveys every 10th person. The sampling method is best described as

• Stratified Random Sample

• Convenience Sample

• Simple Random Sample

• Systematic Sample

Parameters are defined as

• Measures of central tendency from the population

• Statistics from the population

• Statistics from the sample

• None of the above

When you survey every member of the population

• Cluster Sampling

• Systematic Sampling

• Simple Random Sampling

• Stratified Random Sampling

• None of the above

Which of the following is a false statement about simple random samples?

• A sample must be reasonable large to be properly considered a SRS

• Inspection of a sample will give no indication of whether or not it is a SRS

• Attributes of a SRS may be very different than the attributes of the population

• Every element of the population has an equal chance of being selected

• Every sample of the desired size has an equal chance of being selected

In sample surveys, what is meant by bias?

• A systematic error that leads to an unrepresentative sample or response

• Natural variability seen between samples

• The tendency for some distributions to vary from normality

• Prejudice, for example in ethnic and gender related studies

Which statement is false?

• Convenience samples often lead to under-coverage bias

• Voluntary response samples often underrepresent people with strong opinions

• Questionnaires with non-neutral wording are likely to have response bias

The difference between a sample and a sampling frame is

• A. Dependent on the population

• B. A sample is always larger than the sampling frame

• C. There is no difference

• D. More than one of the above

• E. None of the above

Strata are groups of population units that

• Form well-defined sub-populations

• Are selected for the study from the sampling frame

• Are selected for the survey by a random process

• Are typically heterogeneous

• Respond in characteristic ways to the location of the survey

In doing an investigation of health care coverage in Sussex, a researcher surveys every resident in a particular three-block area. This is an example of

• Simple random sampling

• Stratified random sampling

• Systematic random sampling

• Cluster sampling

A sample is

• A measurable characteristic of the population

• A set of individuals having a characteristic in common

• A value calculated from raw data

• A subset of a population