ANS ch 23

A nurse needs to give a bath to a client with chronic back pain. Which ergonomic hazard is the nurse likely to face when caring for the client?

• carrying medical equipment

• lifting heavy loads

• administering physiotherapy

• assisting with dressing

A nurse is caring for a client with muscle spasms due to bad sitting posture. The nurse wants to teach the client correct sitting posture. Which sitting position is good for the client?

• Buttocks and upper thighs should become the base of support.

• Upper thighs should rest on the chair.

• Knees should extend straight from the edge of the chair.

• Both the feet should be slightly above the floor.

A nurse needs to change the soiled linen and body position of a client who is confined to bed and has developed bedsores. Which general principle of positioning should the nurse follow?

• Raise the bed to the height of the caregiver's elbow.

• Change the client's position every half hour.

• Tuck in pillows and positioning devices.

• Fasten drainage tubes from the bed linen.

A nurse is caring for a client with severe back pain. The client has been lying flat on his back in bed for a long time. Which body position has the highest potential for causing footdrop in a bedridden client?

• Sims

• lateral

• prone

• supine

A nurse needs to transfer a client who has polio but has strong arms and upper body muscles to the x-ray unit. Which transfer devices will be most suitable for the client?

• transfer bed

• transfer belt

• transfer handle

• transfer board

A nurse is caring for a client with severe burns. The client's bed has a cradle. Which feature does a cradle offer?

• It forms a shell over the person's lower legs to keep bed linen off the feet.

• It creates wavelike redistribution of air, which relieves pressure over bony prominences.

• It supports the body and equalizes the pressure per square inch over its surface.

• Its buoyant surface distributes the pressure on the client's underlying tissue.

A nurse is caring for a client who is recovering from acute back pain. Which device will allow the bedridden client to maintain as much independence as possible?

• trapeze

• side rails

• bed board

• bed cradle

A nurse instructs a client with cognitive impairment to get into Sims position, but the client, whose word recall is diminished, is unable to understand the instruction. What should the nurse do when instructing clients with cognitive impairment?

• Demonstrate the position to convey the message.

• Use illustrations of the desired action to the client.

• Use simple and clear words when giving instructions.

• Ask the client to use the side rails when moving.

A nurse is showing a group of clients the correct way to move their body parts during their daily exercise regimen at a health care facility. Which effect occurs when a person adheres to proper body mechanics?

• increased muscle effectiveness

• reduced skin breakdown

• reduced trauma

• reduced muscle injuries

A nurse needs to document client data in the computer of a health care facility. Which ergonomic recommendation should the nurse follow when working at a computer?

• Take frequent breaks and crane the neck sideways.

• Keep the elbows flexed no more than 100° to 110°.

• Use alternative equipment for repetitive motions.

• Use assistive devices to avoid twisting the trunk or neck.