Biology Ch. 5 Review - Meiosis & Genetics

Sexual reproduction in animals depends on the production of gametes. Which of these

processes produces gametes in animals?

• mitosis

• fertilization

• meiosis

• binary fission

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A specialized cell cycle known as meiosis plays a significant role in sexual reproduction. Which of the following is not an important result of this specialized cell

division process?

• genetic variation

• production of sex cells

• reduction of genetic material in daughter cells

• growth

Below is a diagram sketched out in a research scientist's journal. It shows a cell during Meiosis I. The scientist chose to sketch two different images showing the different ways chromosomes could possibly line up in the parent cell during Metaphase I.

What is significant about the stage of Meiosis I that the scientist had sketched in their journal?

• It allows for the formation of new allele combinations in a gamete.

• It allows the cell to maintain the same amount of DNA in the daughter cells.

• It produces four sex cells.

• It causes gene mutations which lead to disease in the offspring of the individual.

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The diagram illustrates a process that occurs often during meiosis. The most likely result of this process is —

• mutation in gametes

• genetically diverse gametes

• new types of cells forming

• cancer in the ovaries

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The greatest amount of genetic variation is produced in offspring that reproduce —

• sexually through fission

• asexually through budding

• asexually through mitosis

• sexually through meiosis

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The production of egg and sperm cells is necessary for sexual reproduction because —

• it increases the number of chromosomes so that the gametes can combine, giving the organism a complete set of chromosomes

• it reduces the number of chromosomes so the gametes can combine, giving the organism a complete set of chromosomes

• it increases the number of developing offspring

• it decreases the number of developing offspring

Which of the following could result if meiosis did not occur in the process of sexual reproduction?

• Chromosomes would no longer contain genetic information.

• Chromosomes would not be copied exactly.

• Chromosome number would decrease with each generation.

• Chromosome number would increase with each generation.

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Which of the following is NOT common to both mitosis and meiosis?

• The DNA in the chromosomes is duplicated.

• The cells divide into equally sized halves.

• There is a reduction in the number of chromosomes in daughter cells.

• The chromosomes align themselves at opposite ends of the cells.

Which of the following best describes the process that diagram 2 represents?

• cell division that occurs in reproductive structures of an organism

• process prior to the first stage of cell division

• occurs in all cells of the body system

• cell division that occurs in the repair process of damaged skin cells

Compared with mitosis, the process of meiosis results in daughter cells that are-

• diploid cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cells

• diploid cells with a smaller number of chromosomes than the parent cells

• haploid cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cells

• haploid cells with a smaller number of chromosomes than the parent cells

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