Fallacies (Quiz 1)

Persuasive speakers must be careful to avoid using fallacies in their argument

• true

• false

Fallacies are errors in reasoning that occur when a speaker fails to use appropriate or applicable evidence for their argument.

• True

• False

Fallacies are

• Errors in reasoning caused by inappropriate or irrelevant (inapplicable) evidence.

• Errors in speaking

• Errors in thinking.

The definition of a fallacy is

• Errors in reasoning that occur

  when a speaker fails to use

  appropriate or applicable

  evidence for their argument.

• An argument that seeks to

  establish the relative worth of

  something.

• Reasoning beginning with a

  major premise, then moving to a

  minor premise, before

  establishing a specific claim.

There are four common categories of fallacies.

• True

• False

Fallacies of assumption are...

• when the speaker reasons based on a problematic assumption

• when the speaker focuses on the attributes of a person rather than the relevant arguments

• when the speaker mischaracterizes an issue

• when the speaker implies or suggests an argument without fully developing it.

Fallacies directed to the person are...

• when the speaker reasons based on a problematic assumption

• when the speaker focuses on the attributes of a person rather than the relevant arguments

• when the speaker mischaracterizes an issue

• when the speaker implies or suggests an argument without fully developing it.

Fallacies of case presentation are...

• when the speaker reasons based on a problematic assumption

• when the speaker focuses on the attributes of a person rather than the relevant arguments

• when the speaker mischaracterizes an issue

• when the speaker implies or suggests an argument without fully developing it.

Fallacies of suggestion are...

• when the speaker reasons based on a problematic assumption

• when the speaker focuses on the attributes of a person rather than the relevant arguments

• when the speaker mischaracterizes an issue

• when the speaker implies or suggests an argument without fully developing it.

What type of fallacy is the following argument:

It is cloudy outside, and I feel sick. Therefore, cloudy days make me sick.

• fallacy of assumption

• fallacy directed toward a person

• fallacy of case presentation

• fallacy of suggestion