Body Systems STAAR Bellringer

The picture shows bean-shaped glands called nodes. The clusters of cells in nodes include macrophages that break down viruses and other potentially harmful materials. Nodes also contain cells that produce protein particles capable of capturing harmful materials that flow in tissue fluid through the nodes. Different parts of the body are drained by nodes in different regions of the body.

Which body systems are directly responsible for regulating these nodes and protecting the body from harmful materials in tissue fluid?

• Immune and lymphatic systems

• Digestive and nervous systems

• Endocrine and digestive systems

• Circulatory and nervous systems

The human body is composed of organ systems. Which list represents a system organized from least to most complex?

• Heart - cardiac muscle - muscle tissue - muscle cell

• Lung tissue - trachea - nostrils - circulatory system

• Muscle cell - muscle tissue - biceps muscle - muscular system

• Integumentary system - skin cell - hair - sweat glands

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

A student studying interactions between body systems constructs this table. The student plans to fill out the table with phrases that describe an interaction between each pair of systems.

Which of these phrases could be placed in the position marked with an X?

• Provides nutrients to kidney cells

• Provides nutrients to brain cells

• Provides nutrients to nerve cells

• Provides nutrients to muscle cells

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

During the final stages of human gestation, receptors for the hormone oxytocin increase on the smooth muscle cells of the uterus. The release of oxytocin during labor stimulates the smooth muscle tissue in the wall of the uterus. The vigorous contraction of the uterine smooth muscle helps push the baby through the birth canal so that delivery can occur. This process involves the interaction of which organ systems?

• Endocrine and muscular only

• Endocrine and reproductive only

• Endocrine, muscular, and reproductive

• Endocrine, reproductive, and excretory

Scientists studying illnesses caused by chemically contaminated food conduct research to minimize the effects of these diseases on society. These chemicals harm the body through interactions between the digestive system and the immune system. Scientists conducting this research are likely to describe which of these interactions between the digestive and immune systems?

• Chemicals enter the immune system through a break in the skin. The chemical contamination is then passed to the digestive system by the circulatory system.

• The immune system transforms the chemicals in the contaminated foods into harmless chemicals. These harmless chemicals are then broken down by the digestive system.

• When contaminated foods are eaten, the immune system prevents the chemicals from entering the digestive system.

• Chemicals enter the digestive system through contaminated foods. Once in the body, the chemical contaminants impair the body’s ability to fight off infectious diseases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

The table shows some observations made by four students during a field trip to a nature area.

Which student made observations of a community of organisms?

• Student 1

• Student 2

• Student 3

• Student 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

Animal body systems often coordinate their actions to carry out specific functions for the whole animal. Which of these correctly describes the interaction of two biological systems for a specific purpose in the human body?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

Toxoplasmosis is an infection producing brain lesions caused by the parasitic protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. Mice with their gonads removed are more resistant to T. gondii and develop very few lesions on their brain tissue. The graph shows the results of a scientific study of normal adult mice infected with T. gondii.

Which systems most likely interact and cause the severity of infections to vary?

• Muscular and skeletal

• Immune and endocrine

• Excretory and respiratory

• Nervous and integumentary

Which of the following functions at the same organizational level as the kidney in the human excretory system?

• Skeleton

• Epithelial tissue

• Urinary bladder

• A squamous cell

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-2