In hormonal signaling in animals, also known as endocrine signaling, specialized cells release hormone molecules, which travel via the circulatory system to other parts of the body, where they reach __________cells that can recognize and respond to the hormone.

• plasma

• target

• secreting

• immune

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which of these responses did you encounter in your reading?

• fight-or-fight

• fight-or-flight

• stay-or-run

• run-or-stay

Cell signaling includes

• reception

• translation

• response

• transduction

• transcription

A signaling molecule is often referred to as a

• micelle

• ligand

• ligase

• messenger

These are the main types of receptors

• intracellular proteins

• plasma membrane proteins

• extracellular proteins

• nuclear proteins

GPCR is referring to

• G-protein coupled receptor

• G-protein coupled receiver

• GTP-protein coupled receptor

• GTP-protein coupled receiver

What message is the ligand bringing?

• Open the gate!

• Close the gate!

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Intracellular receptor proteins are found in either the ________________ or nucleus of target cells

• nucleolus

• plasma membrane

• cytoplasm

• rough ER

A number of important signaling molecules can cross the membrane easily do this because they are _______________enough to cross the hydrophobic interior of the membrane.

• hydrophobic

• hydrophilic

The transduction stage of cell signaling is usually a ____________________ pathway involving many molecules

• onestep

• multistep