Personality

Which of the following best applies to the definition personality?

• It exists only if everyone acted and thought alike

• It is mostly unstable.

• It is relatively consistent.

• It is not enduring, or it changes over time.

Which of the following is true of personality traits?

• They are the result of a person's demographic background.

• They are not connected to behavior directly.

• They are quite synonymous with an individual's personality.

• They are normally distributed in the population.

Bima has a high behavioral threshold for anger. Based on this statement, which of the following is most likely true about Bima?

• Bima has a quick temper.

• It takes a lot to make Bima angry.

• Bima becomes extremely violent when angry.

• It is in Bima's nature to react strongly to the slightest provocation.

The ________ layer of consciousness contains all the drives, urges, or instincts that are outside awareness but nonetheless motivate most of one's speech, thoughts, feelings, or actions.

• unconscious

• preconscious

• conscious

• subconscious

According to Freud's provinces of the human mind, which of the following is true about the id?

• It operates on the "moralistic principle" and gives us a sense of what we should or should not do.

• It monitors and controls behavior and evaluates our actions in terms of right and wrong.

• It is the only part of our mind that is in direct contact with the outside world, and it operates on the "reality principle."

• It is the part of our personality that we do not yet own; it owns or controls us.

According to Freudian psychoanalytic theory, which of the following is true about the ego?

• The ego is the part of our personality that we do not yet own; it owns or controls us.

• If the id wants pleasure, the ego makes a realistic attempt to obtain it.

• The sole function of the ego is to seek pleasure.

• The ego "stands over us" and evaluates actions in terms of right and wrong; hence, it is our conscience.

According to Sigmund and Anna Freud, which of the following is true about psychological defense mechanisms?

• They operate on the "moralistic principle" and give us a sense of what we should and should not do.

• They deny and distort reality in some way.

• They motivate most of our speech, thoughts, feelings, or actions.

• They are compulsive feelings and behaviors.

Identify the theorist whose signature idea was that the unconscious has two distinct forms, namely personal and collective.

• Karen Horney

• Carl Jung

• Alfred Adler

• Sigmund Freud

According to Karen Horney, which of the following is true of basic anxiety?

• Basic anxiety in itself is not neurotic.

• Basic anxiety may not give rise to normal behaviors.

• Basic anxiety is suppressed during an individual's formative years.

• Basic hostility is the result of inward basic anxiety during an individual's childhood.

Karen Horney's psychological social theory suggests that neurotically ________ involves developing a detached and "cool" demeanor—not responding emotionally, not caring, and being "above it all."

• moving against others

• moving toward others

• moving away from others

• moving with others