AP Stats 1st Semester Review - Chapter 4

A sportswriter wants to know how strongly Lafayette residents support the local minor league baseball team, the Lafayette Leopards. She stands outside the stadium before a game and interviews the first 20 people who enter the stadium.

The intended population for this survey is

• all residents of Lafayette.

• all Leopard fans.

• all people attending the game the day the survey was conducted.

• the 20 people who gave the sportswriter their opinion.

• all American adults.

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You want to know the opinions of American school teachers about establishing a national test for high school graduation. You obtain a list of the members of the National Education Association (the largest teachers' union) and mail a questionnaire to 2500 teachers chosen at random from this list. In all 1347 teachers return the questionnaire. The sampling frame is

• the 1347 teachers who mail back the questionnaire.

• the 2500 teachers to whom you mailed the questionnaire.

• all members of the National Education Association.

• all American school teachers.

• all American school students.

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In order to assess the opinion of students at the University of Minnesota on campus snow removal, a reporter for the student newspaper interviews the first 12 students he meets who are willing to express their opinion. The method of sampling used is

• a census

• a systematic sample

• a voluntary sample

• a convenience sample

• a simple random sample

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A television station is interested in predicting whether voters in its viewing area are in favor of offshore drilling. It asks its viewers to phone in and indicate whether they support/are in favor of or are opposed to this practice. Of the 2241 viewers who phoned in, 1574 (70%) were opposed to offshore drilling. The viewers who phoned in are

• a voluntary response sample.

• a convenience sample.

• a probability sample.

• a population.

• a simple random sample.

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Which of the following statements is true about these results?

• The results of the survey are unreliable because response to the survey was voluntary.

• The sample is large enough to eliminate potential sources of bias in the design of the poll.

• This is not an appropriate way of presenting the results—a bar graph should have been used instead.

• Patel and Patel have such a large majority that, even though there are flaws in the poll, they are still almost certain to win.

• There must be an error. These percentages aren't possible.

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A news release for a diet products company reports: "There's good news for the 65 million Americans currently on a diet." Its study showed that people who lose weight can keep it off. The sample was twenty graduates of the company's program who endorse it in commercials. The results of the study are probably

• biased, overstating the effectiveness of the diet.

• biased, understating the effectiveness of the diet.

• unbiased because these are nationally recognized individuals.

• unbiased, but they could be more accurate. A larger sample size should be used.

• biased, but it is hard to tell whether the results will overstate or understate the effects of the diet.

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A simple random sample of size n is defined to be

• a sample of size n chosen in such a way that every unit in the population has the same chance of being selected.

• a sample of size n chosen in such a way that every unit in the population has a known nonzero chance of being selected.

• a sample of size n chosen in such a way that every set of n units in the population has an equal chance to be the sample actually selected.

• a sample of size n chosen in such a way that each selection is made independent of every other selection.

• all of the above. They are essentially identical definitions.

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A marketing research firm wishes to determine if the adult men in Laramie, Wyoming, would be interested in a new upscale men’s clothing store. From a list of all residential addresses in Laramie, the firm selects a simple random sample of 100 and mails a brief questionnaire to each. The chance that all 100 homes in a particular neighborhood in Laramie end up being the sample of residential addresses selected is

• the same as for any other set of 100 residential addresses.

• exactly 0. Simple random samples will spread out the addresses selected.

• reasonably large due to the “cluster” effect.

• 100 divided by the size of the population of Laramie.

• large since the population of Laramie is small.

An example of a nonsampling error that can reduce the accuracy of a sample survey is

• using voluntary response to choose the sample.

• using the telephone directory as the sampling frame.

• interviewing people at shopping malls to obtain a sample.

• variation due to chance in choosing a sample at random.

• many members of the sample cannot be contacted.

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The simple random sample is

• 117.

• Bechhofer, Bechhofer again, and Taylor.

• Bechhofer, Taylor, Weiss.

• Kesten, Kiefer, Taylor.

• Taylor, Weiss, Ito.

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