Transoceanic Connections Quiz

Which of the following technological innovations did portuguese sailors use to improve deep water navigation by sailing against the wind?

• Lateen Sails

• Compass

• Upper Deck Oars

• Astrolabe

Where were lateen sails first used?

• Constantinople

• The city of Kilwa

• The Black Sea

• The Indian Ocean

Which European monarch made the greatest use of new maritime technology and sponsored exploration?

• Henry VIII

• Henry the Navigator

• Mehmed the Great

• Pope Urban II

"When the Portuguese go from Macao, the most southern port city in China, to Japan, they carry much white silk, gold, perfume, and porcelain and they bring from Japan nothing but silver. They have a great ship that goes to Japan every year, and brings back more than 600,000 coins' worth of Japanese silver. The Portuguese use this Japanese silver to their great advantage in China. The Portuguese bring from China gold, perfume, silk, copper, porcelain, and many other luxury goods."

- Ralph Fitch, a British merchant, in an account of his travels to the East Indies, 1597

Which conclusion about the Portuguese is best supported by the passage above?

• They manufactured luxury goods that they could sell in China

• They made great profits transporting goods between Asian countries

• They primarily wanted to accumulate silver

• They prefered to trade with China rather than Japan

"When the Portuguese go from Macao, the most southern port city in China, to Japan, they carry much white silk, gold, perfume, and porcelain and they bring from Japan nothing but silver. They have a great ship that goes to Japan every year, and brings back more than 600,000 coins' worth of Japanese silver. The Portuguese use this Japanese silver to their great advantage in China. The Portuguese bring from China gold, perfume, silk, copper, porcelain, and many other luxury goods."

- Ralph Fitch, a British merchant, in an account of his travels to the East Indies, 1597

Which statement best describes the point of view of the source, Ralph Fitch?

• He was ridiculing the Portuguese for working so hard for so little profit.

• He was embarrassed that the Portuguese were taking advantage of the Chinese and the Japanese.

• He was hoping to make profits just as the Portuguese were doing.

• He was criticizing the Portuguese for being so focused on acquiring wealth.

"When the Portuguese go from Macao, the most southern port city in China, to Japan, they carry much white silk, gold, perfume, and porcelain and they bring from Japan nothing but silver. They have a great ship that goes to Japan every year, and brings back more than 600,000 coins' worth of Japanese silver. The Portuguese use this Japanese silver to their great advantage in China. The Portuguese bring from China gold, perfume, silk, copper, porcelain, and many other luxury goods."

- Ralph Fitch, a British merchant, in an account of his travels to the East Indies, 1597

Which statement best explains why Portugal established a trading post empire?

• It had a large navy and was able to conquer nearby lands.

• It was a landlocked country and could not expand except by sea.

• It had only enough people and power to maintain trading posts rather than a large empire.

• It was ahead of other European states in developing navigational innovations.

"And so at the rumor of the rich deposits of mercury ... in the years 1570 and 1571, they started the construction of the town of Huanacavelica de Oropesa in a pleasant valley at the foot of the range. It contains 400 Spanish residents, as well as many temporary shops of dealers in merchandise and groceries, heads of trading houses, and transients, for the town has a lively commerce ... Up on the range there are 3,000 or 4,000 Indians working in the mine ... The ore was very rich black flint ... and when they have filled their little sacks, the poor fellows, loaded down with ore, climb up those ladders or rigging, some like masts and others like cables, and so trying and distressing that a man empty-handed can hardly get up them."

- Antonio Vazquez de Espinosa, Compendium and Description of the West Indies, 1622

The excerpt implies that Espinosa felt ______.

• Sympathy for those working in the mine.

• Loyal to the Spanish government.

• Concerned for the souls of the indigenous population.

• Interested primarily in making profits from the mine.

"And so at the rumor of the rich deposits of mercury ... in the years 1570 and 1571, they started the construction of the town of Huanacavelica de Oropesa in a pleasant valley at the foot of the range. It contains 400 Spanish residents, as well as many temporary shops of dealers in merchandise and groceries, heads of trading houses, and transients, for the town has a lively commerce ... Up on the range there are 3,000 or 4,000 Indians working in the mine ... The ore was very rich black flint ... and when they have filled their little sacks, the poor fellows, loaded down with ore, climb up those ladders or rigging, some like masts and others like cables, and so trying and distressing that a man empty-handed can hardly get up them."

- Antonio Vazquez de Espinosa, Compendium and Description of the West Indies, 1622

The system for using Indian labor described in the passage was most similar to the system of labor used _______.

• On indentured servants in the British North American colonies.

• In the bureaucracy in Tang China.

• In early capitalism in Western Europe.

• By merchants in the trans-Saharan salt trade

"And so at the rumor of the rich deposits of mercury ... in the years 1570 and 1571, they started the construction of the town of Huanacavelica de Oropesa in a pleasant valley at the foot of the range. It contains 400 Spanish residents, as well as many temporary shops of dealers in merchandise and groceries, heads of trading houses, and transients, for the town has a lively commerce ... Up on the range there are 3,000 or 4,000 Indians working in the mine ... The ore was very rich black flint ... and when they have filled their little sacks, the poor fellows, loaded down with ore, climb up those ladders or rigging, some like masts and others like cables, and so trying and distressing that a man empty-handed can hardly get up them."

- Antonio Vazquez de Espinosa, Compendium and Description of the West Indies, 1622

What impact did the products of mines described in the passage, along with metals extracted from other mines, have on Spain and the rest of the world?

• It enabled the Spanish navy to defeat the English navy in 1588

• It resulted in inflation and a worldwide devaluation of silver

• It caused gold to become the new form of worldwide currency

• It allowed many South Americans to move to Europe

Which of the following explorers first sailed around Africa before returning to Portugal?

• Christopher Columbus

• Ferdinand Magellan

• Bartholomew Diaz

• Vasco Da Gama