Module 4 Test Review

Which of the following best explains why the diversity of organisms decreases as you move from shallow seas to deep oceans?

• The lack of sunlight in the deep ocean limits the types of organisms that can survive.

• The salinity of the deep ocean is too high for most organisms to live.

• The low temperatures of the deep ocean would freeze most organisms.

• The low temperatures of the deep ocean would freeze most organisms.

Which of the following describes what might happen with a sudden increase in precipitation in the grassland biome?

• Rise in drought-tolerant plants

• Nutrient loss and soil erosion

• The predator to prey ratio increases.

• Animals not adapted to cold migrate to warmer regions.

How do many of the mammals that inhabit deciduous forests deal with the conditions of the winter season?

• They develop symbiotic relationships.

• They forage or hunt at night.

• They hibernate or stockpile food.

• They migrate to warmer areas.

Which of the following best describes the changes that take place in an ecosystem during primary succession?

• Lichens and mosses grow slowly on newly formed land, followed by grasses, shrubs, and trees.

• Organisms compete for resources, and those that are best fit to survive establish themselves as the dominant species.

• Natural disasters cause many populations to migrate to a new location in order to survive.

• Shrubs and trees regrow quickly in areas that have been disturbed by a forest fire.

Which of the following best explains how a biotic factor can control the population of a species in an ecosystem?

• Lack of water during a drought may cause many of the individuals in a population to die.

• Disease may lead to a decline in the reproductive rate of the species' main predator.

• A sudden drop in temperature may cause many individuals in a population to die.

• Competition between two species may force one of them to migrate to survive.

Which of the following best explains how introducing an invasive plant species to an ecosystem would affect the ecosystem over a long period of time?

• The plants would eventually form mutualistic relationships with native plant species.

• It would harm the ecosystem since the plants would compete with native plants for water, sunlight, and space

• It would benefit the ecosystem since the plant species would serve as a food source for herbivores.

• The plants would crossbreed with native plant species and increase biodiversity in the ecosystem.

Which of the following is the best example of a way human lifestyles affect environmental systems?

• Using aerosols that contain chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) decreases the amount of protective ozone (O3).

• Deforestation causes acid rain by decreasing carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere.

• Burning fossil fuels causes water pollution by decreasing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere.

• Using radioactive materials causes ground pollution as it causes methane to seep into the ground.

Sustainability means developing practices which protect the environment while also providing for human needs. Which of the following changes would be most helpful in achieving sustainable agriculture?

• Planting new trees to replace those that are cut down

• Replacing trees that are cut down with a single species

• Clearing land by cutting down trees instead of burning them

• Rotating crops to replenish the soil with nutrients

Which of the following best describes the long-term impact of using a renewable energy source?

• Geothermal energy can pollute water supplies.

• Nuclear power produces radiation, which is harmful if leaked.

• Hydropower involves blocking rivers, which disrupts ecosystems.

• Natural gas causes air pollution when burned.

Wolves travel in packs. Which statement best supports evidence that group behavior increases animal survival?

• Greater cooperation from individuals will increase the success rate of capturing prey.

• Individuals will require less food, which helps to conserve energy when moving to another location.

• There is a decrease in competition among individuals in the group.

• Traveling together makes it easy for the female to care for her young.