Unit 7 Review Quizizz

Which component of DNA contributes to its ability to transmit the correct genetic information consistently for the formation of new cells and proteins within cells?

• bonding of amino acids

• pairing of complimentary bases

• presence of a ribose sugar

• presence of a phosphate group

The model shows the structural relationships of the hereditary materials in a cell.

What is the relationship of DNA to the gene and chromosome shown in the model?

• DNA is composed of one long chromosome that is bonded together by a gene

• DNA is composed of one long gene that is divided to make a chromosome

• A chromosome is a section of the long strand of DNA that composes a gene

• A gene is a section of the long strand of DNA that composes a chromosome

The table provides information about several genetic diseases.

Based on the major symptom, which disease is MOST LIKELY inherited as a chromosome abnormality?

• cystic fibrosis

• down syndrome

• hemophilia

• sickle cell anemia

A mutation occurs that causes an adenine to be replaced by a guanine in an mRNA strand. The original and mutated mRNA strands with their associated amino acids sequences are shown.

How will this specific mutation affect protein synthesis?

• Protein synthesis will stop permanently to avoid production of an incorrect protein from the mutated strand

• The protein formed from the mutated strand will have fewer amino acids than the protein formed from the original strand

• The protein formed from the mutated strand will be the same as the protein formed from the original strand.

• Protein synthesis will repair the mutated strand to remove the mutation before making the protein.

The chart compares the nucleotide and amino acid sequences responsible for the structure of hemoglobin in a normal individual with an individual who has the mutation for sickle cell anemia.

Which explanation BEST describes the cause of the mutation?

• The addition of a single base in a codon results in the addition of an extra amino acid in the polypeptide chain

• The deletion of a codon in the nucleotide removes an amino acid from the polypeptide chain

• The substitution of a single base in a codon results in one different amino acid in the polypeptide chain

• The insertion of a codon in the nucleotide sequence changes the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide chain

A single base pair is deleted during the process of DNA replication. What is the MOST LIKELY result of this type of mutation?

• An incorrect protein would be produced during translation

• A strand of DNA would be produced that is identical to the original

• The translated protein would increase in length

• The DNA replication process would stop completely

Nitrogen mustard is a poisonous compound that can be used to kill cells by binding directly to the genetic material, preventing the cells from making the proteins they need. How does the compound work?

• The compound binds to genes in a DNA molecule so that chains of amino acids cannot be produced

• The compound binds to DNA molecules in a chromosome so that carbohydrates cannot be produced

• The compound binds to protein molecules so that nucleotide strands cannot be produced

• The compound binds to protein molecules so that chromosomes on genes cannot be produced

Expression of the genetic information contained in DNA molecules is DIRECTLY dependent upon the interaction between the nucleus and which organelle?

• chloroplasts

• lysosomes

• ribosomes

• vacuoles

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

• It serves as a copy of the message in DNA

• It is the primary component of a ribosome

• It scans the genetic code for a start codon

• It carries amino acids to the ribosome to be assembled

What would be the sequence of amino acids translated from the DNA sequence TAC CGC ATG ACG?

• methionine- alanine- tyrosine- cysteine

• leucine- alanine- phenylalanine- cysteine

• methionine- alanine- tyrosine- stop

• tyrosine- arginine- methionine- threonine