Protein Synthesis

What provides the code to make proteins?

• DNA

• RNA

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

Where are proteins made?

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

• Chloroplast

Why is mRNA important?

• It makes energy available

• It creates bonds to form biomolecules

• It produces sugar to help with replication

• It provides information to form proteins

Normal Gene ATG TCC GTA

Mutated Gene ATG TGC GTA

What type of mutation has taken place?

• Insertion

• Deletion

• Duplication

• Substitution

DNA template strand:

3' ACG TGG AAC

Which of the following is the correct amino acid chain produced?

• Thr - Ser - Asn

• Cys - Thr - Asn

• Thr - Arg - Asn

• Cys - Thr - Leu

Differences in traits such as hair color are determined by differences in -

• The location of sugar groups in DNA

• The sequence of nucleotides in DNA

• The number of nitrogenous bases in DNA

• The molecules attached to the phosphate in DNA

Which of these statements best describes how different cell types develop?

• Each cell type contains only the active parts of the DNA needed for that cell type

• Each cell type has only one chromosome containing the DNA needed for that cell type

• Each cell has an identical copy of DNA with enzymes controlling the expression of specific genes, leading to a variety of cells.

• Each cell has multiple copies of DNA that are affected in different ways by the environment to change the function of the cell at regular intervals.

Which of the following describes transcription of a DNA nucleotide

• DNA gets copied to make mRNA

• mRNA gets translated into amino acids

If there is an error in the transcription of a DNA nucleotide what will happen?

• The nuclear membrane is broken

• Amino acids do not bond to tRNA

• A codon sequence is incorrect

• Transportation of mRNA doesnt occur

Why are nitrogenous bases important?

• The number of adenines and cytosines determine the type of RNA produced

• The order of nitrogenous bases determines the order of amino acids in the protein made

• The amount of thymine and guanine in the DNA molecule determines the length of the genes.

• The type of hydrogen bonding between the nitrogen bases determines which amino acid will be added to the peptide chain.