Meiosis and Genetics

The law of segregation predicts which phenomenon during gamete formation?

• Two dominant alleles placed adjacently in the parent’s genome will pass on to different gametes.

• Dominant alleles will be passed on to gametes slightly more than half of the time.

• When both recessive and dominant alleles for a trait are present in the parent, both will be passed on to the same gamete.

• A single random allele from each pair of parent alleles will be passed on to the gamete.

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Which process occurs in both mitosis and meiosis?

• crossing over

• replication of DNA

• two divisions

• division of two cells into four haploid cells

Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction?

• It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have triple the chromosome number of the organism.

• It allows gametes to have twice the original number of chromosomes of the organism.

• It allows gametes to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.

• It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.

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The diagram below shows independently assorted chromosomes from meiosis.

Which describes the outcome of an independent assortment of the chromosomes shown during meiosis?

• two possible allele combinations in gametes: Aa or Bb

• two possible allele combinations in gametes: AB or ab

• four possible allele combinations in gametes: Aa, Aa, Bb, or bb

• four possible allele combinations in gametes: AB, Ab, aB, or ab

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How are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction different?

• Sexual reproduction produces offspring identical to the parents, but asexual reproduction produces offspring with traits from both parents.

• Asexual reproduction produces offspring identical to the parents, but sexual reproduction produces offspring with traits from both parents.

• Sexual reproduction only occurs in multicellular organisms, but asexual reproduction only occurs in unicellular organisms.

• Asexual reproduction only occurs in multicellular organisms, but sexual reproduction only occurs in unicellular organisms.

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The biological selection of a particular allele for a trait to be passed to offspring has nothing do with the selection of the allele for another trait. Which of the following supports this statement?

• law of independent assortment

• law of dominance

• law of segregation

• law of recessiveness

Radish plants have 18 chromosomes in each of its leaf cells. How many chromosomes would most likely be found in a radish ovary?

• 36

• 18

• 9

• 6

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Which process produces the most variation within a species?

• asexual reproduction

• sexual reproduction

• mitosis

• cloning

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The diagram below depicts a process that occurs during meiosis.

Which would be the result of this process?

• an increase in genetic variety

• a decrease in genetic variety

• an increase in the number of chromosomes

• a decrease in the number of chromosomes

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Which best represents one fundamental difference between the processes of mitosis and meiosis?

• Meiosis results in 4 haploid cells, and mitosis results in 4 diploid cells.

• Meiosis results in 4 haploid cells, and mitosis results in 2 diploid cells.

• Meiosis results in 2 diploid cells, and mitosis results in 2 haploid cells.

• Meiosis results in 2 diploid cells, and mitosis results in 4 haploid cells.

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