Quiz about G10 IGCSE Inheritance, Variation & Selection Quiz

Question 1

Which type of cell is produced by meiosis?

Accepted Answer

sperm cell

Answer

fertilised egg cell

Answer

leaf cell

Answer

red blood cell

Question 2

What will cause the rate of mutation to increase?

Accepted Answer

increase in exposure to ionising radiation

Answer

increase in genetic variation in a population

Answer

increase in phenotypic variation in a population

Answer

increase in the rate of reproduction

Question 3

A feature of some plants that live in dry places is that the leaves are reduced to spines.

What is an advantage of the leaves being reduced to spines?

Accepted Answer

decrease in transpiration

Answer

decrease in photosynthesis

Answer

increase in photosynthesis

Answer

increase in transpiration

Question 4

What is the transmission of genetic information from generation to generation known as?

Accepted Answer

inheritance

Answer

cell division

Answer

meiosis

Answer

mitosis

Question 5

The diagram shows the chromosomes in one human cell.

What can be concluded from the chromosomes in this cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell is from a woman.

Answer

The cell is from a man.

Answer

There are only 23 chromosomes per body cell.

Answer

There are only 46 pairs of chromosomes per sex cell.

Question 6

The allele for detached earlobes is dominant to the allele for attached earlobes.

Two parents are heterozygous for detached earlobes.

What is the probability of their first child having attached earlobes?

Accepted Answer

25%

Answer

0%

Answer

50%

Answer

75%

Question 7

Farmers have bred Holstein-Friesian cattle to produce more milk than older breeds of cattle.

Which process was used to produce these cattle?

Accepted Answer

selective breeding

Answer

adaptation

Answer

genetic engineering

Answer

natural selection

Question 8

Scientists have produced yellow rice called Golden Rice. Golden Rice has been produced by the insertion of genes into rice plants.

What is involved in the production of Golden Rice?

Accepted Answer

genetic engineering

Answer

mutation

Answer

natural selection

Answer

selective breeding

Question 9

The diagram shows the formation of new diploid cells.

What do arrows X and Y represent?

Accepted Answer

X = duplication of chromosomes; Y = mitosis

Answer

X = duplication of chromosomes; Y = meiosis

Answer

X = meiosis; Y = duplication of chromosomes

Answer

X = mitosis; Y = duplication of chromosomes

Question 10

Over the last 30 years some antibiotics have become less effective in treating bacterial infection.

What is the reason for this?

Accepted Answer

natural selection

Answer

artificial selection

Answer

asexual reproduction

Answer

more effective new antibiotics

Question 11

What is an example of genetic engineering?

Accepted Answer

producing plants that have been given genes for resistance to insect pests

Answer

using enzymes to make washing powders

Answer

using pectinase to make fruit juice

Answer

using yeast to make bread

Question 12

The diagram shows a cell of an organism. The nucleus contains 12 chromosomes.

After it divides by mitosis, how many chromosomes would be present in one of the daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

12

Answer

6

Answer

18

Answer

24

Question 13

Pure-breeding black-feathered chickens are mated with pure-breeding white-feathered chickens.

All of the individuals in the offspring in the F₁ generation have both black and white feathers.

What will be the ratio of offspring phenotypes when two of the F₁ generation chickens are crossed?

Accepted Answer

1 black : 2 black and white : 1 white

Answer

1 black : 1 white

Answer

3 white : 1 black

Answer

3 black : 1 white

Question 14

The diagram shows the bases on part of a chromosome, P, responsible for the production of normal haemoglobin. The same part of another chromosome, Q, is responsible for the production of sickle-cell haemoglobin.

What has caused the difference between the two chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

gene mutation

Answer

discontinuous variation

Answer

phenotypic variation

Answer

selective breeding

Question 15

The diagram shows reproduction in a potato plant. Potato X was planted into the ground and a plant grew from it. The plant then produced potato Y.

Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

Y was produced by asexual reproduction.

Answer

X and Y are genetically different.

Answer

Y was produced by sexual reproduction.

Answer

Y was produced by the fusion of gametes.

Question 16

The graph shows the masses of two different types of tomato.

What can be concluded from the graph?

Accepted Answer

Type 1 tomatoes show continuous variation.

Answer

Genes do not affect the mass of tomatoes.

Answer

Type 2 tomatoes are sometimes smaller than type 1 tomatoes.

Answer

Type 2 tomatoes show discontinuous variation.

Question 17

What do genes code for?

Accepted Answer

proteins

Answer

fats

Answer

starch

Answer

sugars

Question 18

What are the uses of meiosis and mitosis?

Accepted Answer

D

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Question 19

An alligator has 32 chromosomes in each of the cells of its nose.

How many chromosomes will an alligator zygote contain?

Accepted Answer

32

Answer

16

Answer

46

Answer

64

Question 20

What are stem cells?

Accepted Answer

unspecialised cells that divide by mitosis to produce daughter cells

Answer

specialised cells that divide by meiosis to produce daughter cells

Answer

specialised cells that divide by mitosis to produce daughter cells

Answer

unspecialised cells that divide by meiosis to produce daughter cells

Question 21

The list shows the diploid number of chromosomes of four organisms.

fruit fly 8

human 46

potato 48

garden pea 14

What is the correct chromosome number of a male sex cell in each of these organisms?

Accepted Answer

fruit fly = 4; human = 23; potato = 24; garden pea = 7

Answer

fruit fly = 4; human = 46; potato = 12; garden pea = 7

Answer

fruit fly = 8; human = 46; potato = 48; garden pea = 14

Answer

fruit fly = 16; human = 92; potato = 96; garden pea = 28

Question 22

The number of bacteria resistant to antibiotics is increasing.

What has contributed to this situation?

Accepted Answer

not completing the course of prescribed antibiotics

Answer

choosing the antibiotic carefully to match the strain of bacterium

Answer

tracing, testing and treating people who have been in contact with the infected person

Answer

using antibiotics only when essential

Question 23

Dianthus flowers can be one of three different colours: red, pink or white. A red flower is always homozygous and a white flower is always homozygous. Pink flowers are heterozygous.

If a red and a white flower are crossed, what percentage of the offspring will be pink?

Accepted Answer

100%

Answer

0%

Answer

25%

Answer

75%

Question 24

Which row correctly shows whether the nuclei of the cells are diploid or haploid?

Accepted Answer

B

Answer

A

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 25

Colour blindness is a condition that occurs more frequently in men than in women.

Which statement about this condition is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is a sex-linked characteristic.

Answer

It affects the cornea.

Answer

It can pass from father to son.

Answer

The gene is on the Y chromosome.

Question 26

The diagram shows the phenotypes for blood groups in a family.

Which statement about the genotypes of the parents is correct?

Accepted Answer

Both parents have the allele for blood group O.

Answer

Both parents have alleles for blood group A and B.

Answer

Only the father has the allele for blood group O.

Answer

Only the mother has the allele for blood group O.

Question 27

Cells are formed by the division of existing cells. Four different cells are shown.

Which cell is produced by meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Option A is correct

Answer

B.

Answer

C.

Answer

D.

Question 28

Albinism is an inherited condition in which pigment does not develop in the skin, hair and eyes.

The allele for albinism is recessive.

What are the chances of albino parents having an albino child?

Accepted Answer

100%

Answer

0%

Answer

25%

Answer

75%

Question 29

The term used to describe the number of chromosomes in an egg or sperm cell is .........

Accepted Answer

haploid

Answer

diploid

Answer

gamete

Answer

zygote

Question 30

What are the possible blood groups of the offspring of parents who have blood group A and B?

Accepted Answer

A, B, AB and O

Answer

AB only

Answer

A and B

Answer

A, B and AB

Question 31

The diagram shows a family tree and the inheritance of the ability to taste a certain substance. The allele for the ability to taste this substance is dominant.

Which statement about the genotypes of the sisters Mary and Jeanne is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are both heterozygous.

Answer

Mary is heterozygous and Jeanne is homozygous.

Answer

Mary is homozygous and Jeanne is heterozygous.

Answer

They are both homozygous.

Question 32

Antibiotics often do not work as effectively against bacterial infections as they used to.

What change has taken place in the bacteria, and what type of selection has brought this about?

Accepted Answer

change in the bacteria = have become resistant to the antibiotic;

type of selection = natural

Answer

change in the bacteria = have become immune to the antibiotic;

type of selection = artificial

Answer

change in the bacteria = have become immune to the antibiotic;

type of selection = natural

Answer

change in the bacteria = have become resistant to the antibiotic;

type of selection = artificial

Question 33

Which definition of continuous variation is correct?

Accepted Answer

variation that results in a range of phenotypes between two extremes

Answer

variation that results in a limited number of phenotypes between two extremes

Answer

variation that results in a limited number of phenotypes with no intermediates

Answer

variation that results in a range of phenotypes with no intermediates

Question 34

When is evolution by natural selection most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

when there is more variation in the population

Answer

when there is a stable population of predators

Answer

when there is a stable environment

Answer

when there is less variation in the population

Question 35

What are all reasons why bacteria are useful in genetic engineering?

Accepted Answer

They have the same genetic code as other organisms. They have plasmids. There is a lack of ethical concern about their use.

Answer

They are very small. They do not need large containers. They have no mitochondria.

Answer

They reproduce asexually. They can double their numbers in twenty minutes in good conditions. They have cell walls.

Answer

Their DNA is not in a nucleus. They have a cell membrane. They have a large surface area to volume ratio.

Question 36

Which human characteristic is an example of discontinuous variation?

Accepted Answer

tongue rolling

Answer

height

Answer

skin colour

Answer

weight

Question 37

An adaptive feature of an organism is defined as one that helps the organism to .....

Accepted Answer

survive and reproduce.

Answer

change.

Answer

disperse to new habitats.

Answer

grow

Question 38

Corn is a crop plant. Glow-worms are organisms which give off light. Which process could use these two species to make corn plants which glow?

Accepted Answer

transferring genes from one species to another species

Answer

breeding the organisms together

Answer

causing mutations in the organisms

Answer

selective breeding

Question 39

One strand of a DNA molecule contains the base sequence AGT. What is the base sequence on the other strand of the DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

TCA

Answer

AGT

Answer

GAT

Answer

TAC

Question 40

Which feature of sexual reproduction helps a species to evolve?

Accepted Answer

Offspring are the result of the fusion of the nuclei of dissimilar gametes.

Answer

Fewer offspring are produced than in asexual reproduction.

Answer

Offspring always inherit advantageous characteristics.

Answer

Offspring produced will always be in a suitable environment

Question 41

The diagram shows a family tree and the inheritance of the ability to taste a certain substance. The allele for the ability to taste this substance is dominant.

Which statement about the genotypes of the sisters Mary and Jeanne is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are both heterozygous.

Answer

Mary is heterozygous and Jeanne is homozygous.

Answer

Mary is homozygous and Jeanne is heterozygous.

Answer

They are both homozygous.

Question 42

What is not a feature of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

selection by humans

Answer

competition for resources

Answer

production of many offspring

Answer

variation within the population

Question 43

A gene for insulin is taken from a human cell and placed in a bacterium. The bacterium can then make human insulin. What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

genetic engineering

Answer

artificial selection

Answer

heterozygous inheritance

Answer

natural selection

Question 44

What is a mutation?

Accepted Answer

a random change in a gene or chromosome

Answer

a condition caused by a dominant allele

Answer

a process used in genetic engineering

Answer

a type of continuous variation

Question 45

When human DNA is inserted into the plasmid DNA of bacteria, which enzyme is used to cut the DNA?

Accepted Answer

restriction enzyme

Answer

DNA ligase

Answer

lipase

Answer

protease

G10 IGCSE Inheritance, Variation & Selection Quiz

Create a free account and access millions of resources

Similar Resources on Wayground

Popular Resources on Wayground

Discover more resources for Science