Biology II: MIDTERM EXAM REVIEW #26-50

A method called Gram staining is used to tell

• what shape a prokaryote has.

• how a prokaryote obtains energy.

• what kind of cell wall a prokaryote has.

• whether a prokaryote has flagella.

Which of the following describes a role of bacteria in the environment?

• carrying out photosynthesis

• recycling nutrients

• fixing nitrogen

• all of the above

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Which of the following would a physician NOT do to protect against a the spread of a viral disease?

• administer a vaccination

• prescribe an antibiotic

• encourage good hygiene

• recommend bed rest to those who become ill

A virus’s DNA or RNA is surrounded by a(n)

• protein coat

• nuclear membrane

• tail

• endospore

Bacteria that break down the nutrients in dead matter into simpler substances that are taken up by plant roots are called

• plasmids

• flagella

• photoautotrophs

• decomposers

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Many cases of food poisoning are caused by bacterial

• toxins

• decomposition

• resistance to antibiotics

• sterilization

When treated with Gram stain, Gram-positive bacteria appear

• purple

• pink

• yellow

• orange

The instructions for making new copies of a virus are

• a part of a virus’s tail.

• coded in surface proteins attached to the protein coat.

• coded in either RNA or DNA.

• found only in bacteriophages

A lytic cycle concludes with the

• embedding of viral DNA into the host cell’s DNA.

• production of a bacteriophage.

• bursting of the host cell.

• production of messenger RNA.

Bacteria are sometimes called nature’s recyclers because they

• undergo conjugation.

• break down nutrients in dead organisms.

• can switch between respiration and fermentation.

• carry out photosynthesis.

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