Final Review: Nature of Science

Cindy placed three beehives with the same mass into separate (but identical) glass containers. Hive A was kept at 10 degrees Celsius (˚C), Hive B was kept at 29 ˚C, and Hive C was kept at 37 ˚C. For the next month she measured the amount of honey each hive produced. Hive B produced more than the other two hives.

What is the Manipulated (INDEPENDENT) variable in her experiment?

• The temperature of each hive

• The number of hives

• The mass of each hive

• The amount of honey produced

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A scientist wanted to know more about these blue birds at a beach. He goes to the beach and he writes down everything he sees the birds doing and all the sounds they make. This is an example of which scientific tool?

• observation

• analysis

• hypothesis testing

• replication

Why should an experiment be repeated?

• to revise and refine the procedures

• to confirm the results

• to analyze the control group

• to revise the question

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

I see that Mrs. McDermott is holding a coffee cup, I assume that there is coffee in the coffee cup. By making the assumption that there is coffee in the mug, I have made a(n)

• observation

• inference

• classification

• experiment

Mr. McNeice wanted to know if different types of music affected infants's heart rates; so he played different types of music and checked their pulses. What is the dependent variable?

• type of music

• the infant's pulse

• how long they listend to music

• the infants age

What is being kept constant?

• ramp height
• speed of the ball rolling
• type of ball

Jackie sets up an investigation to find out how many paperclips she can pick up with an electromagnet. She takes a long iron nail, wraps insulated wire around it 40 times, and connects the wire ends to the opposite terminals of a D-cell battery.

Jackie touches the tip of the nail to a pile of 100 paperclips and picks up 15 of them. She tries the investigation again and picks up 15 paperclips. Jackie concludes that her electromagnet can pick up 15 paperclips. What should Jackie do to improve her investigation?

• Jackie should use a regular magnet and not an electromagnet.

• Jackie should use a different type of battery.

• Jackie should do more trials to make sure her results are valid.

• Jackie should begin with more than 100 paperclips.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-5

A scientist tested an exercise machine.  He had two groups of volunteers.  Group A exercised every day for a month.  Group B did not exercise.  He made the table below to compare their muscle strength over 30 days. What is Group B’s role in the scientist’s investigation?

• Group B's role is the variable.
• Group B's role is the control group.

Jonathan and Renier dropped a rubber ball from the same height onto six different surfaces.  They measured the height of each bounce and recorded their data.  The graph shows their data.  Based on the data, which of the following is the best conclusion?

• All balls bounce higher indoors than they do outdoors.
• The surface has no affect on the height of the bounce.
• A rubber ball does not bounce as high as a super ball.
• A rubber ball bounces higher on harder surfaces.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

A testable statement about the natural world that can be used to build more complex inferences and explanations. To be a hypothesis, a statement must contain a possible explanation.

• Fact
• Theory
• Law
• Hypothesis