Semester Exam Review 1

In the 1940s scientists performed an experiment that ultimately identified the site of protein synthesis. They also identified the molecule responsible for transporting information from the nucleus to the site of protein synthesis. What was this newly identified molecule?

• A gene

• mRNA

• ATP

• Thymine

Which process and product are represented in Diagram 2?

• Process: transcription; product: mRNA

• Process: translation; product: protein

• Process: replication; product: tRNA

• Process: recombination; product: polymerase

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

A student is looking for evidence that spindle fibers are separating the chromosomes to ensure that each new nucleus has one copy of each chromosome. Which diagram is the student looking for?

• Cell 1

• Cell 2

• Cell 3

• Cell 4

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Nitrogenous bases are located on both strands of the DNA double helix. What is the significance of the nitrogenous bases?

• The number of adenines and cytosines determines the type of RNA that will be produced.

• The order of nitrogenous bases determines the order of amino acids in the proteins synthesized.

• The amount of thymine and guanine in the DNA molecules determines the length of the genes.

• The type of hydrogen bonding between the nitrogenous bases determines which amino acid will be added to the peptide chain.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Each strand of a DNA molecule contains nitrogenous bases that pair with other nitrogenous bases in very specific ways. A diagram of a section of DNA is shown. Which DNA strand is complementary to the one shown above?

• AGU GCU GCG CGU A

• TGT AGC TGC GCG T

• ACA TCG ACG CGC A

• TCG CGC AGC TAC A

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

A single-celled organism can be classified as a prokaryote based on the absence of —

• a cell membrane

• ribosomes

• chromosomes

• a nucleus

Which statement describes the mutation in the diagram?

• A silent mutation results in the insertion of a different amino acid.

• A substitution occurs with the adenine base.

• A deletion of cytosine base occurs

• A base inserted into one strand of the DNA

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which statement about enzyme activity is best supported by this graph?

• An enzyme must be composed of multiple polypeptides, or subunits, to be active.

• An enzyme’s rate of activity increases with time until it becomes inactive.

• An enzyme functions best under specific temperature conditions.

• An enzyme works equally well in bacteria that are adapted to high temperatures and in eukaryotic cells such as human cells.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-5

Which molecule synthesized by plants is a major source of energy for cellular processes in both plants and animals?

• wax

• nucleic acid

• glucose

• chlorophyll

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NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

What is the purpose of this process this process?

• To replicate the DNA of an organism before cell division

• To assemble nucleotides in an mRNA chain along a DNA template

• To synthesize amino acids used to unzip strands of DNA and copy the genetic code

• To translate the genetic code into a specific sequence of amino acids

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1