PSYCH CH 14 Personality

________ is the most primitive part of the personality, functioning entirely at an unconscious level.

• Ego
• Superego
• Id
• Oedipus complex

The ___________ refers to the understanding that one must sometimes defer gratification until the appropriate times and circumstances dictated by the environment.

• pleasure principle
• reality principle
• id
• superego

Which defense mechanism reflects spending more time engaged in work or other activities to meet unconscious needs that cannot be met elsewhere?

• sublimation
• rationalization
• projection
• reaction formation

Freud thought that phobic reactions were redirections of fearful responses to more acceptable targets. For example, fears of snakes might actually stem from fears of one's father. This defense mechanism is known as

• displacement
• projection
• repression
• denial

Eating an entire box of cookies while refusing to believe that the behavior might be problematic reflects what defense mechanism?

• repression
• projection
• denial
• displacement

During which stage of development did Freud believe the Oedipus (or Electra) complex develops?

• latency
• oral
• anal
• phallic

According to Freud, this is a source of neurotic anxiety in females that appears during the phallic stage.

• castration anxiety
• Oedipus complex
• penis envy
• womb envy

According to Jung, the unconscious ideas and images that are inherited and are components of the collective unconscious are referred to as

• transpersonal
• archetypes
• personality characteristics
• animus

Who challenged Freud's views of women as being biased and introduced the idea that penis envy was more about power than anatomy?

• Erikson
• Horney
• Adler
• Jung

Who developed a theory based on sixteen fundamental characteristics, or the 16 PF?

• Eysenck
• Jung
• Cattell
• Spearman