Chapter 2 Research Methods

In what type of study does a researcher study an individual subject in depth?

• Naturalistic observation

• Laboratory observation

• Case study

• Survey

What does it mean if two variables have a positive correlation?

• As one variable increases, so does the other

• As one variable increases, the other decreases

• The correlation between the two variables is 0

• The correlation between the two variables is greater than 1.0

What is the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a data distribution called?

• Mode

• Standard deviation

• Range

• Median

What is a common way of controlling extraneous variables in an experiment?

• Random assignment

• Double-blind procedure

• Single-blind procedure

• Using animal subjects

Which of the following is a research method that allows a researcher to get information about a large number of subjects relatively inexpensively and easily?

• Naturalistic observation

• Case study

• Laboratory observation

• Survey

This research method is a measure of the extent to which two variables change together, and thus of how well either variable predicts the other

• Correlational
• Experiments
• Case Study
• Survey
• Observational

The advantage of this descriptive method of research is that the strict control of variables offers researchers the opportunity to draw conclusions about cause and effect relationships.

• Experiments
• Case Study
• Survey
• Observational
• Correlational

Which ethical principle requires that at the end of the study participants be told about the true purpose of the research?

• Institutional Review Board Approval
• Informed Consent
• Confidentiality
• Debriefing

What must a researcher do to fulfill the ethical principle of informed consent?

• Keep information about participants confidential
• Allow participants to choose whether to take part
• Provide participants with a pre-experimental explanation of the study
• Protect participants from potential harm

This is a method of research where an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable).

• Experiments
• Case Study
• Survey
• Observational
• Correlational