Judicial branch and civil rights and liberties

Which Amendment is this?

"All persons born or naturalized in the United State . . . are citizens of the United States and . . . [no state can] deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny . . .the equal protection of the laws.

• 1st Amendment

• 13th Amendment

• 14th Amendment

• 15th Amendment

If a Supreme Court justice agrees with the decision of the court, but did not agree with the reasoning of how they came to that conclusion, the justice may write a:

• Writ of Certiorari

• Concurring Opinion

• Majority Opinion

• Dissenting Opinion

What is the opinion of the Supreme Court justices who make up the minority?

• Majority Opinion

• Concurring Opinion

• Unanimous Decision

• Dissenting Opinion

Appellate Jurisdiction

• power of the President to make legal decisions

• power of Congress to make legal decisions

• authority of a court to hear an appeal

Precedent

• guideline for how similar cases should be decided in the future.

• a decision made by the President

• legal action taken by Congress

justices defer decisions (and thus policy-making) to the elected branches of government, and should use the power of judicial review only when absolutely necessary

• Judicial review

• Judicial restraint

• Judicial activism

• Judicial independence

the judiciary should freely use the power of judicial review to protect the rights and liberties of individuals and minorities

• Judicial review

• Judicial restraint

• Judicial activism

• Judicial independence

Which is not a legislative check on the courts

• Change number of justices or jurisdiction in Supreme Court and/or lower courts

• Refusing to enforce a judicial decision

• Pass new legislation that overturns or limit the impact of court decision

• Introduce constitutional amendments to change or clarify the Constitution

The bill of rights was originally written to protect us from

• the states

• the President

• the national government

• the courts

The rights of citizens to be free from unwarranted (arbitrary) government interference

• Civil rights

• Civil liberties

• Equal protection clause

• Prior restraint