Macromolecules Exam Review

Lipids have a variety of structural and functional roles in cells: they can be used by cells to store energy, form biological membranes, and serve as chemical messengers. Lipids include fats, fatty acids and phospholipids.

__________ fats or lipids form animal body fat and have one double bond, they are used for stored energy and insulation.

• Hydrogenated

• Reconstituted

• Unsaturated

• Saturated

All of these organic molecules are _________ - based molecules.

lipid

protein

amino acid

nucleic acid

carbohydrate

• carbon

• hydrogen

• oxygen

• water

There are twenty different types of _____________ which join together in differing sequences and numbers to form different proteins.

• fatty acids

• nucleotides

• amino acids

• simple sugars

Living cells require constant access to energy in order to remain alive. Which statement BEST describes why cells need a constant supply of energy?

• Without energy, cells would not be able to access food resources.

• Without energy, cells would be forced to enter into a state of dormancy

• Energy is required to process genetic information--without an active DNA molecule, cells will be unable to function.

• Energy is required in order to maintain homeostasis--without a constant, organized internal state, the cell will die.

Which of the following is a valid hypothesis for why a plant appears to be dying?

• The plant is not being watered enough.

• The plant is being watered too much.

• The plant is receiving too much sunlight.

• all of the above

A student suggests that a certain species of bacteria grows better in the light than in the dark. The student has 10 culture plates on which to grow the bacteria. Which of the following would be the best experiment to test this idea?

• Grow 10 plates in the dark.

• Grow 10 plates in the light.

• Grow 5 plates in the dark and 5 plates in the light.

• Grow 10 plates in the light, with extra water.

Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by changing the

• products of the reaction.

• speed of the reaction.

• temperature of the reaction.

• pH of the reaction.

Based on the name alone, which of the following can be classified as a sugar?

• Maltose

• Maltase

• Honey

• Hemoglobin

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?

• store and transmit genetic information

• help to fight disease

• control the rate of reactions and regulate cell processes

• build tissues such as bone and muscle

Jane Goodall spent years with the chimpanzees of Gombe. Sitting quietly for hours, she watched the animals closely and took notes about their behavior.

What was Jane Goodall doing?

• testing variables

• watching a control group

• making observations

• applying a stimulus