The US Enters the Great War

Which statement best explains how the development of trench warfare at the beginning of World War I affected the

progress of the war?

• It led to the early defeats of Russia and Italy.

• It resulted in stalemates that prolonged the fighting.

• It allowed armies to fight from a distance and with few casualties.

• It convinced Germany to quickly declare war on allies of France.

Which statement best explains President Woodrow Wilson’s actions during the early years of World War I?

• He wanted time to mobilize the U.S. military to join the war in Europe.

  
  

• He wanted American merchants to be able to conduct trade with both sides.

  
  

• He wanted American farmers to be able to store enough food to support the troops.

• He wanted to keep American troops free to expand U.S. colonies in Latin America.

Before the United States entered World War I, President Woodrow Wilson’s main foreign policy goal was to

• restore a peaceful balance of power in Europe

• build a strong military alliance with other major democratic nations

• ensure that European powers would be disarmed after the war was over

• take advantage of the fighting to expand U.S. holdings overseas

How did the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand affect Europe?

• It overthrew the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, which triggered popular uprisings in several other

  European nations.

• It convinced the Austro-Hungarian emperor that Russia was planning to invade, which led Austria-

  Hungary to form an alliance with Germany.

• It led to conflicts between nations allied with and against Austria-Hungary, which brought two major

  alliances into war against each other.

• It demonstrated the weakness of Austria-Hungary, which encouraged France to attack disputed

  territory in central Europe.

How did the formation of alliances affect European politics in the first few decades of the 1900s?

• It divided the continent into two opposing sides.

  
  

• It undermined the power of nationalist movements.

  
  

• It helped quarreling powers resolve their conflicts peacefully.

• It promoted the spread of democratic principles of government.

Which statement best summarizes the experiences of African American soldiers during World War I?

• Though African American soldiers were drafted in large numbers, they were allowed to serve only in

  
  

  support roles and not on the front lines.

• Though many African American soldiers fought bravely, none were awarded medals for their

  achievements.

• Though many African American soldiers fought effectively, they were forced to deal with segregation and other forms of racial discrimination.

• Though African American soldiers fought in segregated units, they were given equal opportunities to

  become high-ranking officers.

Which nations were part of the Central Powers, or Triple Alliance, at the beginning of World War I?

• United Kingdom and Italy

  
  

• Serbia and Bosnia-Herzegovina

• Germany and Austria-Hungary

• France and Russia

The United States entered World War I partly in response to

• a request by the Central Powers for American aid

  
  

• the political results of the Russian Revolution

  
  

• unrestricted German submarine attacks on merchant ships

• a desire to acquire more territory in Latin America

In this telegram, written by a German official, Germany invited Mexico to join the Central Powers, offering Mexico territory in the United States in return. News of the telegram bolstered American support for the Allies, and several months later the United States entered World War I.

• It enabled the Allies to launch an all-out invasion of Germany.

• It united the Russian people in support of the war effort.

• It allowed Germany to move reinforcements to the Western Front.

• It brought the Ottoman Empire into the war on the side of the Central Powers.

How were the events that brought the United Kingdom into World War I different from the events that brought France into the war?

• France was directly threatened by an invasion of enemy troops, whereas the United Kingdom was primarily supporting an ally.

• France was motivated to attack its longtime enemy, Russia, whereas the United Kingdom allied itself with Russia against a mutual enemy.

• France entered the war immediately when it began in 1914, whereas the United Kingdom remained neutral for several years before joining the Allied Powers.

• France began the official hostilities by declaring war on Austria-Hungary, whereas the United Kingdom joined the fighting only after Germany torpedoed British ships.