End of the Middle Ages

One result of Mongol expansion across Eurasia during the Middle Ages was —

• a revival of art and literature

• a birth of new religious influences

• a chaotic, unstable political climate

• a vast unified empire of many cultures

The spread of Islam brought political changes to Southwest Asia by —

• establishing tribute states in the areas conquered by the Muslim armies

• building libraries, hospitals, and universities in large cities such as Alexandria

• converting Arabs, Christians, Persians, and Jews to Islam to avoid paying taxes

• unifying North Africa, Arabia, Persia, and Asia Minor under centralized authority

Which factor contributed to favorable interactions among Muslim, Jewish, and Christian societies in Europe during the Middle Ages?

• A common written language

• A decline in farming production

• A mutual desire for profitable trade

• A religious expectation to recruit converts

The interaction between Muslims, Jews and Christians living in Europe during the Middle Ages facilitated the diffusion of —

• political rights

• scientific knowledge

• life threatening diseases

• new ideas about government

One factor contributing to a golden age of Indian society during Mughal rule was —

• taxation on Hindu and non-Muslim pilgrims

• deciphering the ancient language of Sanskrit

• invasions by Turkish warlords from Central Asia

• religious toleration for Hindus and non-Muslims

Based on information on the map, which city was a crossroad for European crusaders?

• Paris

• Marseilles

• Constantinople

• Rome

According to the map above, which European power had major internal religious divisions during the late fourteenth century?

• England

• The Holy Roman Empire

• Castile and Leon

• Poland

How did the Black Death affect medieval Europe?

• It promoted advances in medicine that extended the average life span

• It caused economic and social instability by drastically reducing the workforce

• It caused persecution of religious and ethnic minorities to decrease

• It allowed church officials to expand their authority

Analyzing the map above, infer the effect of the Black Death on manorialism system in Medieval Europe.

• The Black Death strengthened the power of manor lords

• Serfs now had economic options

• The movement of serfs off the land became more restrictive

• Serfs had fewer opportunities for social mobility

How did the Hundred Years’ War affect feudalism in Medieval Europe?

• The use of mercenaries decreased the French kings reliance on their nobles

• The French took over large portions of England

• France separated into feuding regions with little royal authority

• France lacked a professional army to counter the English army