Ch. 34

Which trait is shared by all vertebrates except cyclostomes at some point in development?

• notochord

• vertebrae

• cartilaginous skeleton

• cranium

• mouth with jaws

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

When early systematists distinguished cartilaginous fishes from bony fishes, it was not clear when bony skeletons first appeared. What suggests that bony skeletons came first, followed by cartilaginous ones?

• All fishes except cyclostomes have jaws.

• Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes have paired fins and lateral lines

• Traces of bone tissue are found in living and fossil Chondrichthyes

• The bony skeleton of Osteichthyans develops from a cartilage scaffold.

• Chondrichthyes do not have swim bladders, as do many Osteichthyes

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which correctly describes phylogenetic relationships among birds, mammals, and reptiles?

• Birds share the closest common ancestor with dinosaurs.

• Reptiles and birds, but not mammals, are amniotes.

• Mammals evolved from therapsid reptiles after the fall of the dinosaurs.

• Birds and mammals are more closely related to each other than either group is to crocodilian reptiles.

• Among living species in the group we call reptiles, turtles and snakes are most closely related to each other.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which group soon outcompeted amphibians on land due to their watertight skin and eggs?

• birds

• mammals

• reptiles

• cyclostomes

• none of these

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Which chordate group has all 4 key chordate characteristics as an adult, not just as an embryo?

• Lancelets

• Tunicates

• Frogs

• Humans

Which osteichthyan structure allows bony fishes to control their buoyancy using gases from their blood?

• operculum

• lateral line system

• swim bladder

• cloaca

Which is the closest living group to the primates?

• birds

• reptiles

• monotremes

• amphibians

• there is not enough information to decide

Which is the oldest amniote group?

• birds

• turtles

• crocodilians

• pterosaurs

• tuataras

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

If you introduced the following groups of vertebrates to a newly formed island with little surface water, which would probably become dominant?

• amphibians

• reptiles

• bony fish

• coelacanths

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

An organism that produces milk most likely belongs to which specific group?

• Mammals

• Amniotes

• Dipnoi

• Gnathostomes