Motivational Theories practice

Motivation is defined by psychologists as

• an impulse to accomplish something of significance.

• rigidly patterned behavior characteristic of all people.

• a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior toward a goal.

• the cause of behavior.

• an external reward or goal that pushes a person toward accomplishments.

A complex, unlearned, and fixed pattern of behavior common to all members of a species is called a(n)

• set point.

• drive.

• instinct.

• need.

• incentive.

Which theory of motivation most clearly emphasizes the importance of genetic predispositions?

• drive-reduction theory

• evolutionary theory

• hierarchy of needs theory

• arousal theory

• incentive theory

For a thirsty person, drinking water serves to reduce

• homeostasis.

• a drive.

• an instinct.

• the set point.

• basal metabolic rate.

Which theory most clearly emphasizes the importance of homeostasis in motivation?

• instinct theory

• drive-reduction theory

• arousal theory

• hierarchy of needs theory

• evolutionary theory

Which theory would be most likely to predict that rats are motivated to explore precisely those areas of an experimental maze where they receive mild electrical shocks?

• arousal theory

• hierarchy of needs theory

• instinct theory

• drive-reduction theory

• two-factor theory

Which theory would be most helpful for explaining why people are motivated to watch horror movies?

• instinct theory

• drive-reduction theory

• hierarchy of needs theory

• arousal theory

• homeostasis

The most basic or lowest-level need in Maslow's hierarchy of human motives includes the need for

• self-esteem.

• love and friendship.

• religious fulfillment.

• food and drink.

• achievement.

LaDonna’s home was broken into and many items were taken. After the break-in, LaDonna was afraid to be at home alone and so installed a new alarm system. Abraham Maslow would suggest that LaDonna is trying to satisfy her

• physiological needs.

• safety needs.

• belongingness needs.

• esteem needs.

• self-actualization needs.

Which of the following is a conclusion that can be drown from the Yerkes-Dodson law?

• Performance on easy tasks is best when arousal is low.

• Performance is best when arousal is extremely high.

• Performance is best when arousal is extremely low.

• Performance on difficult tasks is best when aroual is high.

• Performance is best when arousal is moderate.