Motivation Review

A brain tumor that results in obesity would most likely be located in the

• left frontal lobe

• base of the brain stem

• area of the hypothalamus

• reticular activating system

• somatosensory cortex

A complex pattern of organized, unlearned behavior that is species-specific is called

• a drive

• a need

• a motive

• an emotion

• an instinct

According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following statements is true?

• Individuals may have peak experiences when meeting physiological needs.

• Self-actualization will always precede the meeting of needs for esteem.

• There are cultural differences in the rate at which individuals attain self-actualization.

• Women are more likely to reach self-actualization than men are.

• Physiological needs must be met before an individual achieves self-actualization.

According to Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, the need to have respect for ourselves and to be valued by others is classified within the category of

• physiological needs

• safety needs

• belongingness needs

• esteem needs

• self-actualization needs

According to cognitive dissonance theory, human beings are motivated to

• Respond to an inborn need to pass their genes to the next generation

• Maintain an optimal level of arousal

• Satisfy basic needs such as hunger before proceeding to higher needs such as self-actualization

• Reduced tensions produced by inconsistent thoughts

• Satisfy needs resulting from tissue deficits

According to research on motivation, employers are most likely to ensure high performance and job satisfaction from their workers if the employers

• double the workers' wages

• pay per hour rather than per quantity produced

• throw a party at the end of each week

• redesign jobs to increase workers' responsibility and flexibility

• monitor workers and punish the ones who are lazy

After school, George and his friends complain of intense hunger. They go to George’s home and immediately open his refrigerator to look for a snack. Which of the following is a theory of motivation that best explains their behavior?

• Arousal

• Social learning

• Self-determination theory

• Drive reduction

• Achievement motivation

Although he finds it to be difficult and not much fun, Tomas puts in long hours practicing field hockey in the hope of getting an athletic scholarship to college. This best illustrates the idea of

• homeostasis

• attribution theory

• intrinsic motivation

• extrinsic motivation

• arousal theory

An animal will gain weight when

• it establishes homeostasis

• its ventromedial hypothalamus is damaged

• it reaches its set point

• its basal metabolism rate increases

• releasing factors are present

An individual experiencing a low blood-glucose level would be best advised to do which of the following?

• Take a nap

• Eat a snack

• Drink a glass of water

• Drink a diet soda

• Get some exercise