Renaissance/Reformation

The Renaissance was a major turing point in World History, which event most contributed to the beginning of the Renaissance?

• conquest of Constantinople by the Ottoman Turks

• rediscovery of ancient texts by Italian humanist scholars

• criticism of the sale of indulgences by the Catholic Church

• temporary move of the Papacy from Rome to Avigon

Which of the following statements best describes painting during the Renaissance?

• Painters adopted a more realistic style, depicting figures in space and applying perspective

• Painters mainly imitated the work of earlier Byzantine and Gothic artists

• Painters developed a highly decorative style

• Painters used very abstract style

One major characteristic of the Renaissance was that the

• Catholic Church lost all its influence in Europe

• Classical cultures lost all its influence in Europe

• Major language of the common people was Latin

• Manor became the main center of economic activity

Which change to Christian church practices was suggested by Martin Luther?

• Installing statues of saints in Churches

• Increasing the sale of indulgences

• Printing the Bible in the vernacular so all could understand it

• Saying the mass in Latin so the faithful would hear it

Which individual's work had the greatest impact on the spread of Martin Luther's ideas?

• Johann Gutenberg

• William Shakespeare

• Niccolo Machiavelli

• Galileo Galilei

Which statement expresses a belief shared by most Renaissance humanist philosophers?

• People should withdraw from the world to worship God

• People should study secular subjects

• Governments should establish overseas empires

• Scholars should follow Church teachings without question

What did Niccolo Machiavelli mean with his statement "the end justifies the means"?

• Subjects have the right to rise up and overthrow a ruler who is unjust

• Subjects must always obey their rulers

• A ruler may use trickery and even violence to maintain peace and stability

• A ruler must always follow the laws of God

Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses, Henry VIII's "Act of Supremacy" and John Calvin's Institutes of the Christian Religion contributed to what?

• Decline in the power of the Catholic Church

• A major conflict of Eastern Orthodox Christians

• An increased sense of nationalism in Tudor England

• The growing power of the Feudal nobility in Europe

The sale of indulgences, Ninety-Five Theses, and Hearing held of Worms are all associated with

• Copernicus and his theory that the Earth rotated around the sun

• Crusades

• Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation

• Leonardo de Vinci and the Renaissance

The major goal of the Counter-Reformation was to

• Reach a compromise with European Protestants

• Reinstate the power of the Roman Catholic Church

• Encourage new ideas in science and philosophy

• Reduce the authority of absolute monarchs