Ch 15 - Europe in the Renaissance and Reformation

What was an important factor in the emergence of the Italian Renaissance?

• The creation of powerful, centralized monarchies.

• The decline of religious feeling and belief.

• The rise of wealthy, urban patrons of the arts.

• The desire to rebound from the Black Death.

With the spread of new ideas at the beginning of the Renaissance, how did the wealthy begin to view life?

• As a superior alternative to the afterlife, which was viewed with apprehension.

• As an opportunity for enjoyment and not just a painful pilgrimage to heaven.

• As a painful penitential journey.

• As requiring constant physical activity.

Which of the following was one of the central ideals of the Italian Renaissance?

• The desire to educate the rural masses.

• Christian humility and self-effacement.

• Concern for the improvement of the common people.

• Recognition of individual achievement.

How did Italian humanists view the education of women?

• They saw value in exposing women to classical models of reasoning.

• They supported it and established schools for girls in northern Italy.

• They believed that women were incapable of intellectual improvement.

• They believed education for women should remain focused on improving domestic duties.

Why did the wealthy sponsor artists during the Renaissance?

• In order to please God.

• As a means of glorifying themselves and their families.

• Because it was good for their businesses.

• In order to control unemployment.

Which of the following was an important consequence of the Renaissance?

• The gulf between the learned minority and uneducated majority increased.

• The culture of village life came to be dominated by Christian humanism.

• Scholars and artists increasingly came from economically humble origins.

• The social and economic status of women improved.

Of all the ways that Renaissance society was hierarchically divided, what was regarded as the most “natural” distinction and therefore the most important one to defend?

• Race.

• Social class.

• Gender.

• Level of education.

Henry VIII of England and Isabella and Ferdinand of Spain used similar moves to diminish the power of which of the following groups?

• Judges and sheriffs.

• Monks and other clergy.

• Aristocrats and nobles.

• Urban merchants.

Martin Luther's “Ninety-five Theses on the Power of Indulgences” was a response to which of the following?

• His personal struggle with the question of salvation.

• Being charged with clerical immorality.

• The draining of Germany's wealth by the papacy.

• The local archbishop's promotion of the sale of indulgences.

What did Henry VIII of England use to transform his country into a Protestant state?

• Permission of the pope.

• His army.

• Parliament.

• Taxes on Catholics.