Quiz about Earth's Layers, Continental Drift, and Plate Tectonics Review

Question 1

What is layer 1?

Accepted Answer

continental crust

Answer

oceanic crust

Answer

mantle

Answer

core

Question 2

What is layer 2?

Accepted Answer

oceanic crust

Answer

continental crust

Answer

mantle

Answer

core

Question 3

What is layer 3?

Accepted Answer

mantle

Answer

continental crust

Answer

oceanic crust

Answer

core

Question 4

What is layer 4?

Accepted Answer

core

Answer

continental crust

Answer

oceanic crust

Answer

mantle

Question 5

What is layer 5?

Accepted Answer

lithosphere

Answer

asthenosphere

Answer

lower mantle

Answer

outer core

Answer

inner core

Question 6

What is layer 6?

Accepted Answer

asthenosphere

Answer

lithosphere

Answer

lower mantle

Answer

outer core

Answer

inner core

Question 7

What is layer 7?

Accepted Answer

lower mantle

Answer

lithosphere

Answer

asthenosphere

Answer

outer core

Answer

inner core

Question 8

What is layer 8?

Accepted Answer

outer core

Answer

lithosphere

Answer

asthenosphere

Answer

lower mantle

Answer

inner core

Question 9

What is layer 9?

Accepted Answer

inner core

Answer

lithosphere

Answer

asthenosphere

Answer

lower mantle

Answer

outer core

Question 10

How does the temperature and pressure change as one moves from the Earth's crust to the inner core?

Accepted Answer

Both temperature and pressure increase.

Answer

Both temperature and pressure decrease.

Answer

Temperature increases while pressure decreases.

Answer

Temperature decreases while pressure increases.

Question 11

Convection currents in the asthenosphere play a crucial role in the movement of Earth's tectonic plates. Which of the following best explains how convection currents in the asthenosphere affect the lithosphere?

Accepted Answer

Rising hot material in the asthenosphere causes tectonic plates in the lithosphere to move apart, while cooler material sinking pulls plates together.

Answer

The lithosphere moves because of the gravitational pull of the Moon.

Answer

Convection currents cool the Earth's surface, making the lithosphere more rigid and immobile.

Answer

The asthenosphere remains stationary, while the lithosphere moves independently due to seismic activity.

Question 12

Which scientist first proposed the Continental Drift Theory in 1912?

Accepted Answer

Alfred Wegener

Answer

Harry Hess

Answer

Charles Darwin

Answer

Isaac Newton

Question 13

What is this a picture of?

Accepted Answer

Pangea

Answer

Panorama

Answer

Panguaya

Answer

Panguia

Question 14

Alfred Wegener noticed that the coastlines of South America and Africa seem to fit together like puzzle pieces. Which conclusion can be drawn from this observation?

Accepted Answer

The continents were once connected but have since drifted apart.

Answer

The continents have always been in their current positions.

Answer

Oceans have grown in size, pushing the continents closer together.

Answer

Ocean currents have shaped the continents to fit this way.

Question 15

How might the discovery of similar rock formations and mountain ranges on separate continents help support the theory of continental drift? Use specific examples of geological evidence to justify your response.

Accepted Answer

The discovery suggests that the continents were once connected, allowing for continuous geological features, like the Appalachian Mountains in North America and the Caledonian Mountains in Scotland, to form.

Answer

The discovery of similar rock types on different continents indicates that tectonic plates collided recently.

Answer

The evidence shows that Earth's tectonic plates are slowly moving toward each other, causing continental growth.

Answer

The similar rock formations likely formed independently through volcanic activity on different continents.

Question 16

Which of the following statements best describes seafloor spreading?

Accepted Answer

It is the process by which new oceanic crust is formed at mid-ocean ridges as magma rises and solidifies, causing older crust to be pushed away.

Answer

It is the process where tectonic plates collide and form mountain ranges.

Answer

It occurs when oceanic plates are subducted beneath continental plates, leading to volcanic activity.

Answer

It refers to the gradual sinking of oceanic crust due to erosion and sediment accumulation.

Question 17

What might happen to Earth's continents in the distant future based on the movement of tectonic plates?

Accepted Answer

The continents may move back together to form a new supercontinent, like Pangaea, in millions of years.

Answer

The continents will stop moving and remain in their current positions forever.

Answer

The continents will slowly erode into the oceans.

Answer

All tectonic activity will cease, and the continents will remain static.

Question 18

Using the plate boundaries map, identify the type of boundary located along the west coast of South America. What geological feature is formed at this boundary?

Accepted Answer

Convergent; Andes Mountains

Answer

Divergent; Mid-ocean ridge

Answer

Transform; San Andreas Fault

Answer

Divergent; Rift Valley

Question 19

Using the plate boundary map, locate the boundary between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. What type of plate boundary is this, and what major geological feature is formed there?

Accepted Answer

Convergent; Himalayan Mountains

Answer

Divergent; Mid-Atlantic ridge

Answer

Transform; San Andreas Fault

Answer

Divergent; East African Rift

Question 20

Look at the location of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on the map. What type of plate movement is responsible for the formation of this feature, and how does it impact the surrounding oceanic crust?

Accepted Answer

Divergent; Plates move apart, causing seafloor spreading and new crust formation.

Answer

Transform; Plates slide past each other, creating earthquakes.

Answer

Convergent; Plates collide, forming mountain ranges on the ocean floor.

Answer

Transform; Plates grind together, causing rift valleys on the ocean floor.

Question 21

What is a hotspot in terms of geological activity, and how does it differ from volcanic activity at plate boundaries?

Accepted Answer

A hotspot is a location where magma from deep within the Earth's mantle rises to the surface, forming volcanoes, and it often occurs away from tectonic plate boundaries.

Answer

A hotspot is a zone of weak crust at a plate boundary where two tectonic plates collide and create volcanoes.

Answer

A hotspot is a type of earthquake fault line that produces volcanic eruptions near tectonic plate boundaries.

Answer

A hotspot is a region of intense plate collision that pushes magma to the surface, only occurring at convergent boundaries.

Question 22

The Hawaiian Islands are located in the middle of the Pacific Plate, far from any plate boundary. How does the theory of hotspots explain the formation of the Hawaiian Islands, and why are the islands arranged in a chain?

Accepted Answer

A hotspot beneath the Pacific Plate causes magma to rise, forming volcanoes. As the plate moves over the stationary hotspot, new islands form in a chain.

Answer

The islands were formed by a divergent boundary pulling the plate apart, creating volcanic islands.

Answer

A transform boundary created fractures in the Earth's crust, allowing magma to rise and form the islands.

Answer

The islands are located on a convergent boundary where the Pacific Plate is being pushed under the North American Plate, forming volcanic islands.

Question 23

The Pacific Plate is moving northwest over a stationary hotspot beneath the Earth's crust, which has led to the formation of the Hawaiian Islands. Based on this information, what can be predicted about the future of the Hawaiian Islands and the formation of new islands in the region?

Accepted Answer

Older islands, like Kauai, will gradually erode and sink, while new volcanic islands will form southeast of the Big Island.

Answer

The existing Hawaiian Islands will continue to grow larger as the Pacific Plate moves over the hotspot.

Answer

The Hawaiian Islands will eventually stop moving and remain in their current positions, with no new islands forming.

Answer

The movement of the Pacific Plate will cause the Hawaiian Islands to merge into one large landmass.

Earth's Layers, Continental Drift, and Plate Tectonics Review

27 questions

What is layer 1?

What is layer 2?

What is layer 3?

What is layer 4?

What is layer 5?

What is layer 6?

What is layer 7?

What is layer 8?

What is layer 9?

How does the temperature and pressure change as one moves from the Earth's crust to the inner core?

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